Références bibliographiques

Chabrol Fanny et David Pierre-Marie (2023) « Ce que la résilience nous aura fait », Anthropologie & Santé. Revue internationale francophone d'anthropologie de la santé, 26 (avril 12). DOI : 10.4000/anthropologiesante.12626. https://journals.openedition.org/anthropologiesante/12626.

Résumé : Nous sommes heureux d’inaugurer cette section « Anthropolémiques » de la revue Anthropologie & Santé par une réflexion sur la résilience en recherche qui nous tient à cœur au sortir de trois années de pandémie. Certains pourront penser que cette « anthropolémique » ne prend pas beaucoup de risques tant la critique de la résilience devient rétrospectivement évidente après la Covid-19. Ceci n’était cependant pas aussi évident au début de la pandémie, et encore moins au cours de l’épidémie d’Ebo...

Mots-clés : adaptation, anthropologie, Covid-19, Résilience.

Chabrol Fanny, Traverson Lola, Hou Renyou, Chotard Lisa, Lucet Jean-Christophe, Peiffer-Smadja Nathan, Bendjelloul Gisèle, Lescure François-Xavier, Yazdanpanah Yazdan, Zinszer Kate et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Adaptation and Response of a Major Parisian Referral Hospital to the COVID-19 Surge: A Qualitative Study », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (1) (décembre 31), p. 2165429. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2165429. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2023.2165429.

Résumé : Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, few studies have focused on crisis management of multiple services within one hospital over several waves of the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of the COVID-19 crisis response of a Parisian referral hospital which managed the first three COVID cases in France and to analyze its resilience capacities. Between March 2020 and June 2021, we conducted observations, semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and lessons learned workshops. Data analysis was supported by an original framework on health system resilience. Three configurations emerged from the empirical data: 1) reorganization of services and spaces; 2) management of professionals’ and patients’ contamination risk; and 3) mobilization of human resources and work adaptation. The hospital and its staff mitigated the effects of the pandemic by implementing multiple and varied strategies, which the staff perceived as having positive and/or negative consequences. We observed an unprecedented mobilization of the hospital and its staff to absorb the crisis. Often the mobilization fell on the shoulders of the professionals, adding to their exhaustion. Our study demonstrates the capacity of the hospital and its staff to absorb the COVID-19 shock by putting in place mechanisms for continuous adaptation. More time and insight will be needed to observe whether these strategies and adaptations will be sustainable over the coming months and years and to assess the overall transformative capacities of the hospital.

Mots-clés : COVID-19, emergency response capacity, hospital, resilience.

Chabrol Fanny, Traverson Lola, Hou Renyou, Chotard Lisa, Peiffer-Smadja Nathan, Lucet Jean-Christophe, Bendjelloul Gisèle, Dagenais Christian et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Échanges interprofessionnels en temps de COVID-19 à l’hôpital Bichat Claude-Bernard : éclairages pour la recherche », Santé Publique, 35 (1), p. 59-64. DOI : 10.3917/spub.231.0059. https://www.cairn.info/revue-sante-publique-2023-1-page-59.htm.

Résumé : La gestion de l’épidémie de COVID-19 a bouleversé l’organisation des soins dans les hôpitaux. Dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche portant sur la résilience des hôpitaux et des professionnel·le·s de santé face à la pandémie de COVID-19 (HoSPiCOVID), nous avons documenté leurs stratégies d’adaptation dans cinq pays (France, Mali, Brésil, Canada, Japon). En France, dès la fin de la première vague (juin 2020), une équipe de chercheur·se·s et des professionnel·le·s de santé de l’hôpital Bichat Claude-Bernard ont organisé des groupes de discussion pour prendre acte de ces accomplissements et pour partager leurs expériences vécues. Un an plus tard, d’autres échanges ont permis de discuter et de valider les résultats de la recherche. L’objectif de cette contribution courte est de décrire les apports de ces temps d’échanges interprofessionnels conduits à l’hôpital Bichat Claude-Bernard. Nous montrons que ceux-ci ont permis : 1) de créer des espaces de parole pour les professionnel·le·s, 2) d’enrichir et de valider les données collectées au travers d’une (re)connaissance collective d’aspects saillants relatifs aux vécus de la crise, et 3) de rendre compte des attitudes, interactions et rapports de pouvoir de ces professionnel·le·s dans un contexte de gestion de crise.

Mots-clés : COVID-19, Groupe de discussion, Hôpital, Interprofessionnel, Recherche qualitative.

Chane-Po David, Gatina Jean-Hugues, Leruste Sébastien et Legrand Florian (2023) « Knowledge of type 2 diabetic patients followed for less than 5 years in primary care in the western region of Reunion Island: a cross-sectional pilot study », Pec Innovation, 2, p. 100122. DOI : 10.1016/j.pecinn.2023.100122. https://hal.science/hal-04149579.

Résumé : BACKGROUND: The learning needs of newly diagnosed diabetic patients followed up in medical offices in Reunion Island are unknown, although necessary for the improvement of education programmes and disease control. AIM: To assess the knowledge of type 2 diabetic patients in primary care followed for less than 5 years. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried out, using a self-questionnaire to assess patients’ knowledge of diabetes, complications, follow-up, diet and physical activity. Patients were recruited from medical offices in the western region of Reunion Island. RESULTS: From 23(rd) April to 31(st) July 2021, 89 patients were included. The knowledge level of the total sample was moderate (mean correct answers 65 % ± 17). The best knowledge levels were in the areas "generalities on diabetes" and "complications", while the lowest levels were in the categories "follow-up" and "diet and physical activity". Glycated haemoglobin, libido disorders, frequency of urinalysis and dental consultation, and the recommended diet for patients with diabetes which is the same as for the general population, were the least known concepts. CONCLUSION: This study revealed gaps in patients’ knowledge that could be used to improve education programmes which in turn could reduce or prevent diabetes complications.

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PubMed entry

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Combes Hélène, Ruiz De Elvira Laura, Musamba Josaphat et Dorronsoro Gilles (2023) « Faire face aux transformations des terrains : retours sur des expériences contrastées: », Critique internationale, N° 100 (3) (septembre 1), p. 177-192. DOI : 10.3917/crii.100.0177. https://www.cairn.info/revue-critique-internationale-2023-3-page-177.htm?ref=doi.

Coste Marion et Bousmah Marwân-al-Qays (2023) « Predicting health services utilization using a score of perceived barriers to medical care: evidence from rural Senegal », BMC Health Services Research, 23 (1) (mars 16), p. 263. DOI : 10.1186/s12913-023-09192-2.

Résumé : BACKGROUND: Ensuring access to healthcare services is a key element to achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 3 of "promoting healthy lives and well-being for all" through Universal Health Coverage (UHC). However, in the context of low- and middle-income countries, most studies focused on financial protection measured through catastrophic health expenditures (CHE), or on health services utilization among specific populations exhibiting health needs (such as pregnancy or recent sickness). METHODS: This study aims at building an individual score of perceived barriers to medical care (PBMC) in order to predict primary care utilization (or non-utilization). We estimate the score on six items: (1) knowing where to go, (2) getting permission, (3) having money, (4) distance to the facility, (5) finding transport, and (6) not wanting to go alone, using individual data from 1787 adult participants living in rural Senegal. We build the score via a stepwise descendent explanatory factor analysis (EFA), and assess its internal consistency. Finally, we assess the construct validity of the factor-based score by testing its association (univariate regressions) with a wide range of variables on determinants of healthcare-seeking, and evaluate its predictive validity for primary care utilization. RESULTS: EFA yields a one-dimensional score combining four items with a 0.7 Cronbach's alpha indicating good internal consistency. The score is strongly associated-p-values significant at the 5% level-with determinants of healthcare-seeking (including, but not limited to, sex, education, marital status, poverty, and distance to the health facility). Additionally, the score can predict non-utilization of primary care at the household level, utilization and non-utilization of primary care following an individual's episode of illness, and utilization of primary care during pregnancy and birth. These results are robust to the use of a different dataset. CONCLUSION: As a valid, sensitive, and easily documented individual-level indicator, the PBMC score can be a complement to regional or national level health services coverage to measure health services access and predict utilization. At the individual or household level, the PBMC score can also be combined with conventional metrics of financial risk protection such as CHE to comprehensively document deficits in, and progress towards UHC.

Mots-clés : Healthcare access, Perceived barriers, Primary care, Rural, Senegal, Sub-Saharan Africa, Universal health coverage (UHC).

PubMed entry

Coulaud Pierre-julien, Salway Travis, Jesson Julie, Bolduc Naseeb, Ferlatte Olivier, Bertrand Karine, Desgrées Du Loû Annabel, Jenkins Emily, Jauffret-Roustide Marie et Knight Rod (2023) « Moderation of the association between COVID-19-related income loss and depression by receipt of financial support: Repeated cross-sectional surveys of young adults in Canada and France (2020–2021) », SSM - Population Health, 21 (mars), p. 101340. DOI : 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101340. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2352827323000058.

Coulibaly Abdourahmane, Chabrol Fanny, Touré Laurence, Hou Renyou, Dramé Boubacar Sidiki Ibrahim, Zinszer Kate et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Responses to Hospital Restrictions on Family Visits during the COVID-19 Epidemic in Mali and France », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2) (juin 15), p. 2241188. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2241188. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2023.2241188.

Résumé : Few studies have focused on the presence of families in the hospital in the context of an epidemic. The present study aims to contribute to filling this gap by answering the following question: How did professionals, patients and their families cope with more or less drastic restrictions to family visits and presence during the COVID-19 pandemic in a French and a Malian hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic? Data were collected during the first two waves of the pandemic through 111 semi-structured interviews (France = 55, Mali = 56). Most of the interviews were conducted with staff (n = 103), but also with families in the case of Mali (n = 8). The investigators also conducted 150 days of field observations, 44 in France and 106 in Mali. Thematic analysis was applied using an inductive approach. Interviews were content analyzed to identify passages in the interviews that were relevant to these different themes. The study highlighted the difficulty for the medical-clinical system to provide appropriate responses to the many emotional needs of patients in a pandemic context. Families in France benefited from a support service to reduce stress, while in Mali, no initiative was taken in this sense. In both countries, families often used the telephone as an alternative means of communicating with relatives. The results showed that in the two contexts, the presence and involvement of the families contributed to a better response to the patients’ psycho-affective demands and thus promoted resilience in this field.

Mots-clés : COVID-19, family visits, France, hospitals, Mali, resilience.

Coulibaly Abdourahmane, Touré Laurence, Chabrol Fanny, Zinszer Kate et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Quand les pratiques des soignants « calment » ou « stressent » les malades : l’accompagnement psychosocial des malades infectés par le SARS-CoV-2 à Bamako », Sciences sociales et santé, 41 (3) (septembre 1), p. 69-94. DOI : 10.1684/sss.2023.0255. https://www.jle.com/fr/revues/sss/e-docs/quand_les_pratiques_des_soignants_calment_ou_stressent_les_malades_laccompagnement_psychosocial_des_malades_infectes_par_le_sars_cov_2_a_bamako_333015/article.phtml?tab=texte.

Coulibaly Karna, Bousmah Marwân-al-Qays, Ravalihasy Andrainolo, Taéron Corinne, Mbiribindi Romain, Senne Jean-Noël, Gubert Flore, Gosselin Anne, Desgrées du Loû Annabel et for the MAKASI Study Group (2023) « Bridging the knowledge gap of biomedical HIV prevention tools among sub-saharan african immigrants in France. Results from an empowerment-based intervention », SSM - Population Health, 23 (septembre 1), p. 101468. DOI : 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101468. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827323001337.

Résumé : Introduction Biomedical HIV prevention tools are available in France to prevent new infections. However, evidence suggests a lack of knowledge of these tools among sub-Saharan African immigrants, who are particularly affected by HIV due to social hardship, an indirect factor of HIV acquisition. We analysed the impact of an empowerment-based intervention on the knowledge of treatment as prevention (TasP), pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in a population of precarious sub-Saharan African immigrants. Methods Data were collected throughout the MAKASI project. Following an outreach approach, participants were recruited in public places based on their precarious situations and followed for six months (0, 3, 6 months) between 2018 and 2021. Participants were randomized into two groups and received an empowerment intervention sequentially (stepped wedge design). We used random-effects logistic regression models to evaluate the intervention effect on the knowledge of biomedical HIV prevention tools. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04468724. Results The majority of the participants were men (77.5%), and almost half of them had arrived in France within 2 years prior to inclusion (49.3%). At baseline, 56% of participants knew about TasP, 6% knew about PEP and 4% knew about PrEP. Receiving the intervention increased the odds of knowing about PEP (aOR = 2.02 [1.09–3.75]; p < 0.026). Intervention effects were observed for TasP and PrEP only after 6 months. We found significant time effects for PEP (at 3 months, aOR = 4.26 [2.33–7.80]; p < 0.001; at 6 months, aOR = 18.28 [7.39–45.24]; p < 0.001) and PrEP (at 3 months, aOR = 4.02 [2.10–7.72]; p < 0.001; at 6 months, aOR = 28.33 [11.16–71.91]; p < 0.001). Conclusions We showed that the intervention increased the knowledge of biomedical HIV prevention tools. The effect of the intervention was coupled with an important time effect. This suggested that exposure to the intervention together with other sources of information contributed to increased knowledge of biomedical HIV prevention tools among precarious sub-Saharan African immigrants.

Mots-clés : Empowerment intervention, France, Immigrants, Post-exposure prophylaxis, Pre-exposure prophylaxis, Sub-saharan african, Treatment as prevention.

Coulibaly Karna, Gosselin Anne, Carillon Severine, Taéron Corinne, Mbiribindi Romain, Desgrées du Loû Annabel et Group on behalf of the Makasi study (2023) « Low knowledge of antiretroviral treatments for the prevention of HIV among precarious immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa living in the greater Paris area: Results from the Makasi project », PLOS ONE, 18 (6) (juin 14), p. e0287288. DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0287288. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0287288.

Résumé : Introduction In France, combination prevention tools, particularly antiretroviral treatment for HIV prevention has been available for several years. We described the knowledge of these antiretroviral treatments among immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa, who are particularly affected by HIV, and the factors associated with this knowledge. Methods The data come from the Makasi study, which was conducted between 2019 and 2020 among precarious immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa recruited through a community-based outreach approach in the greater Paris area (n = 601). We described levels of knowledge of HIV treatment effectiveness (HTE), treatment as prevention (TasP), post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), by sex with chi2 test. We investigated factors associated with their knowledge with logistic regressions adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, living conditions and sexual behaviors (p≤0.2). Results Respondents were mostly men (76%), from West Africa (61%), in precarious situation: 69% were unemployed, 74% were undocumented and 46% had no health coverage. Among this population, knowledge of HIV preventive treatments was heterogeneous. While HTE was well known (84%); TasP was known by only half of the respondents (46%), and PEP and PrEP were hardly known: 6% and 5%, respectively. Multivariate regressions models showed that these antiretroviral treatments for the prevention of HIV was better known by people with a higher level of education (PEP: aOR = 3.33 [1.09–10.20], p = 0.03; HTE: aOR = 4.33 [1.87–10.04], p<0.001), those who had a social network in France (TasP: aOR = 1.90, [1.33–2.73], p<0.001), those who had access to the health system and those who were exposed to sexual risks (TasP: aOR = 3.17, [1.03–9.69], p = 0.04; PrEP: aOR = 2.60 [0.72–9.34], p = 0.14). Conclusions There is a need for specific communication on antiretroviral treatment for HIV prevention that targets sub-Saharan immigrants, particularly those who have no access to the health-care system and those who are less educated.

Mots-clés : Antiretroviral therapy, Antiretrovirals, France, HIV, HIV prevention, Medical risk factors, Post-exposure prophylaxis, Pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Dagenais C., Hot A. et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Communiquer efficacement les connaissances scientifiques permet de sauver des vies », The Conversation, 2023-02-21, p. en ligne [4 p.]. https://hal.science/hal-04010332.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

David Pierre-Marie, Gabet Morgane, Duhoux Arnaud, Traverson Lola, Ridde Valéry, Zinszer Kate et Gautier Lara (2023) « Adapting Hospital Work During COVID-19 in Quebec (Canada) », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2) (juin 15), p. 2200566. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2200566. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23288604.2023.2200566.

Diagne Ibra, Petit Véronique, Ndiaye Ndongo Ndeye Diale et Sylla Aida (2023) « Profil des jeunes de 15 à 25 ans souffrant de problèmes de santé mentale au Sénégal : une étude au centre de santé mentale dalal xel de Thiès », Health Sciences & Diseases, 24 (6), p. 20-25.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

Diagne Ibrahima, Petit Véronique, Bousso Abdoulaye, Dieng Allé Baba et Sylla Aida (2023) « Pyschosocial Support and Follow-up in emergency situations, the Mobile Intervention and Psychosocial Support Team: an innovative emergency system in Senegal », International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research Studies, 3 (1), p. 613-621.

Résumé : This article reports on the process of creating an innovative emergency mechanism in Senegal, the Mobile Psychosocial Intervention and Support Team (EMIS), by recalling how in the early 2000s a tragedy shook the country and triggered reflection on psychosocial follow-up in a political context subject to the idiom of resilience. The creation of the EMIS seems paradoxical since it requires and valorizes competencies in psychology and psychiatry which in ordinary times are little supported by social and health policies.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

Diagne et al. - 2023 - Pyschosocial Support and Follow-up in emergency si.pdf 332.7 kio

d’Elbée Marc, Terris-Prestholt Fern, Briggs Andrew, Griffiths Ulla Kou, Larmarange Joseph, Medley Graham Francis et Gomez Gabriella Beatriz (2023) « Estimating health care costs at scale in low- and middle-income countries: Mathematical notations and frameworks for the application of cost functions », Health Economics, 2023 (juin 18), p. 1-18. DOI : 10.1002/hec.4722. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/hec.4722.

Résumé : Appropriate costing and economic modeling are major factors for the successful scale-up of health interventions. Various cost functions are currently being used to estimate costs of health interventions at scale in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) potentially resulting in disparate cost projections. The aim of this study is to gain understanding of current methods used and provide guidance to inform the use of cost functions that is fit for purpose. We reviewed seven databases covering the economic and global health literature to identify studies reporting a quantitative analysis of costs informing the projected scale-up of a health intervention in LMICs between 2003 and 2019. Of the 8725 articles identified, 40 met the inclusion criteria. We classified studies according to the type of cost functions applied—accounting or econometric—and described the intended use of cost projections. Based on these findings, we developed new mathematical notations and cost function frameworks for the analysis of healthcare costs at scale in LMICs setting. These notations estimate variable returns to scale in cost projection methods, which is currently ignored in most studies. The frameworks help to balance simplicity versus accuracy and increase the overall transparency in reporting of methods.

Mots-clés : cost functions, econometrics, health economics, low- and middle-income countries, microeconomics, production costs.

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d’Elbée et al_2023_Estimating health care costs at scale in low- and middle-income countries.pdf 2 Mio (source)

Freyne Marvin (2023) « Un court état des lieux de la participationsociale en santé en Europe », Actualité et dossier en santé publique, 121 (mars), p. 27-29. https://www.hcsp.fr/explore.cgi/Adsp?clef=1182.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

Gabet M., Duhoux A., Ridde Valéry, Zinszer K., Gautier L. et David P. M. (2023) « How did an integrated health and social services center in the Quebec Province respond to the COVID-19 pandemic ? A qualitative case study », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2), p. 2186824 [8 p.]. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2186824. https://hal.science/hal-04145236.

Résumé : D

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Gagnon-Dufresne Marie-Catherine, Gautier Lara, Beaujoin Camille, Boivin Pauline, Coulibaly Abdourahmane, Richard Zoé, Gomes DE Medeiros Stéphanie, Dutra Da Nóbrega Raylson Emanuel, DE Araujo Oliveira Sydia Rosana, Cloos Patrick, Chabrol Fanny, Ridde Valéry et Zinszer Kate (2023) « Did the design and planning of testing and contact tracing interventions for COVID-19 consider social inequalities in health? A multiple case study from Brazil, Canada, France & Mali », Social Science & Medicine (septembre 9), p. 116230. DOI : 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116230. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953623005877.

Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented global crisis. It has exposed and exacerbated weaknesses in public health systems worldwide, particularly with regards to reaching the most vulnerable populations, disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. The objective of our study was to examine whether and how social inequalities in health (SIH) were considered in the design and planning of public health responses to COVID-19 in jurisdictions of Brazil, Canada, France, and Mali. This article reports on a qualitative multiple case study of testing and contact tracing interventions in regions with high COVID-19 incidence in each country, namely: Manaus (Brazil), Montréal (Canada), Île-de-France (France), and Bamako (Mali). We conducted interviews with 108 key informants involved in these interventions in the four jurisdictions, focusing on the first and second waves of the pandemic. We analyzed our data thematically using a theoretical bricolage framework. Our analysis suggests that the lack of a common understanding of SIH among all actors involved and the sense of urgency brought by the pandemic eclipsed the prioritization of SIH in the initial responses. The pandemic increased intersectoral collaboration, but decision-making power was often unequal between Ministries of Health and other actors in each jurisdiction. Various adaptations to COVID-19 interventions were implemented to reach certain population groups, therefore improving the accessibility, availability, and acceptability of testing and contact tracing. Our study contributes to identifying lessons learned from the current pandemic, namely that the ways in which SIH are understood shape how interventions are planned; that having clear guidelines on how to integrate SIH into public health interventions could lead to more inclusive pandemic responses; that for intersectoral collaboration to be fruitful, there needs to be sufficient resources and equitable decision-making power between partners; and that interventions must be flexible to respond to emerging needs while considering long-standing structural inequalities.

Gameiro Mariana Bombo Perozzi et Quet Mathieu (2023) « Feral pharmaceuticalization—Biomedical uses of animal life in light of the global donkey hide trade », BioSocieties (janvier 7). DOI : 10.1057/s41292-022-00288-2. https://link.springer.com/10.1057/s41292-022-00288-2.

Texte intégral 783.9 kio (source)

Gautier Lara, Noda Shinichiro, Chabrol Fanny, David Pierre-Marie, Duhoux Arnaud, Hou Renyou, Rosana de Araújo Oliveira Sydia, Traverson Lola, Zinszer Kate et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Hospital Governance During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multiple-Country Case Study », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2) (juin 15), p. 2173551. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2173551. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2023.2173551.

Résumé : In response to the disruptions caused by COVID-19, hospitals around the world proactively or reactively developed and/or re-organized their governance structures to manage the COVID-19 response. Hospitals’ governance played a crucial role in their ability to reorganize and respond to the pressing needs of their staff. We discuss and compare six hospital cases from four countries on different continents: Brazil, Canada, France, and Japan. Our study examined how governance strategies (e.g., special task forces, communications management tools, etc.) were perceived by hospital staff. Key findings from a total of 177 qualitative interviews with diverse hospital stakeholders were analyzed using three categories drawn from the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies framework on health systems resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: 1) delivering a clear and timely COVID-19 response strategy; 2) coordinating effectively within (horizontally) and across (vertically) levels of decision-making; and 3) communicating clearly and transparently with the hospital’s diverse stakeholders. Our study gleaned rich accounts for these three categories, highlighting significant variations across settings. These variations were primarily determined by the hospitals’ environment prior to the COVID-19 crisis, namely whether there already existed a culture of managerial openness (including spaces for social interactions among hospital staff) and whether preparedness planning and training had been routinely integrated into their activities.

Mots-clés : Comparative health systems, hospital governance, multiple case study, resilience.

Guzmán-Rosas Susana Carolina (2023) « Strategies Used by Rural Indigenous Populations to Cope with Energy Poverty, in San Luis Potosí, Mexico », Energies, 16 (11) (juin 1), p. 4479. DOI : 10.3390/en16114479. https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/11/4479.

Résumé : At the global level, the strategies used by rural Indigenous populations to face energy poverty have not been studied. Pioneering in the field, this work contributes to filling the gaps in the literature on the subject, mobilize the debate on a problem that affects rural Indigenous populations unequally, and outline key areas for policy. With a quantitative approach and taking as a research scenario the five rural Indigenous municipalities with the highest multidimensional poverty in the State of San Luis Potosí, Mexico, this paper analyzes the strategies used by rural Indigenous households to cope with energy poverty. It finds that a considerable proportion has had difficulty paying for their energy consumption (electricity, LP gas, and firewood), using strategies to cope with energy poverty (67.7%, 73.2%, and 96.1%, respectively): reducing expenses or stopping buying other things, borrowing money, and/or failing to pay for electricity or buy fuels for lack of economic resources. Food is significantly sacrificed in the reduction of expenses or stopping buying things, followed by health and housing. The situation has normalized over time, potentially impacting development, physical health, and mental well-being, and acting as an accelerator of the cycle of risk of energy poverty, given the confirmation of additional stressors.

Texte intégral 7.1 Mio (source)

Hatti Gabriel et Boulay Sébastien (2023) « « Le dialogue de la vie »: Entretien avec Gabriel Hatti », L’Ouest Saharien, Vol. 17 (2) (février 17), p. 121-141. DOI : 10.3917/ousa.222.0121. https://www.cairn.info/revue-l-ouest-saharien-2022-2-page-121.htm?ref=doi.

Honda Ayako, De Araujo Oliveira Sydia Rosana, Ridde Valéry, Zinszer Kate et Gautier Lara (2023) « Attributes and Organizational Factors that Enabled Innovation in Health Care Service Delivery during the COVID-19 Pandemic – Case Studies from Brazil, Canada and Japan », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2) (juin 15), p. 2176022. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2176022. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23288604.2023.2176022.

Hou Renyou, Traverson Lola, Chabrol Fanny, Gautier Lara, de Araújo Oliveira Sydia Rosana, David Pierre-Marie, Lucet Jean-Christophe, Zinszer Kate et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Communication and Information Strategies Implemented by Four Hospitals in Brazil, Canada, and France to Deal with COVID-19 Healthcare-Associated Infections », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2) (juin 15), p. 2223812. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2223812. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2023.2223812.

Résumé : During the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, COVID-19 healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and risk management became major challenges facing hospitals. Using evidence from a research project, this commentary presents: 1) various communication and information strategies implemented by four hospitals and their staff in Brazil, Canada and France to reduce the risks of COVID-19 HAIs, and how they were perceived by hospital staff; 2) the flaws in communication in the hospitals; and 3) a proposed agenda for research on and action to improve institutional communications for future pandemics. By analyzing “top-down” strategies at the organizational level and spontaneous strategies initiated by and between professionals, this study shows that during the first waves of the pandemic, reliable information and clear communication about guidelines and health protocols’ changes can help alleviate fears among staff and avoid misapplication of protocols, thereby reducing infection risks. There was a lack of a “bottom-up” communication channel, while, when making decisions, it is crucial to listen to and fully take into account staff’s voices, experiences, and feelings. More balanced communication between hospital administrators and staff could strengthen team cohesion and lead to better enforcement of protocols, which in turn will reduce the risk of contamination, alleviate the potential impacts on staff health, and improve the quality of care provided to patients.

Mots-clés : Communication, COVID-19, healthcare-associated infection, hospital, information, resilience.

Joxe Ludovic et Meneghini Stéphanie (2023) « Les limites de la mansuétude. Analyse du traitement de la faute dans une organisation humanitaire internationale », Sociologies pratiques, 46 (1), p. 55-65. https://www.cairn.info/revue-sociologies-pratiques-2023-1-page-55.htm.

Résumé : La faute, forme particulière de déviance, n’a pas déserté le monde du travail. Les pratiques normatives, définissant le périmètre de l’(in)acceptable et s’employant à en gérer les conséquences, forment toujours une trame sur laquelle se déploient les organisations, les activités et les situations productives ; elles continuent d’identifier, de qualifier et de traiter des fautes. Contre les thèses soutenant sa disparition, ce numéro de Sociologies Pratiques, en explorant des mondes variés (de l’agriculture à la voyance en ligne, en passant par l’engagement humanitaire et les pratiques professionnelles de traduction), montre la vigueur de la vie sociale de la faute, des jugements de responsabilité qui la constituent et de l’administration des punitions qui la sanctionnent. Il dresse ainsi, en négatif, un portrait de la normativité au travail.

Mots-clés : Excuse, Faute, Humanitaire, Mansuétude, MSF, Sanction, Travail, ⛔ No DOI found.

Kadio Kadidiatou, Dagenais Christian et Ridde Valery (2023) « How does explicit knowledge inform policy shaping? The case of Burkina Faso’s national social protection policy », PLoS ONE, 18 (4), p. e0284950. DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0284950. https://hal.science/hal-04149567.

Résumé : In 2009, Burkina Faso embarked on a process leading to the development of a national social protection policy (politique nationale de protection sociale-PNPS) in 2012. The objective of this study was to analyze the circumstances under which explicit knowledge was used to inform the process of emergence and formulation PNPS. The term explicit knowledge excludes tacit and experiential knowledge, taking into account research data, grey literature, and monitoring data. Court and Young’s conceptual framework was adapted by integrating concepts from political science, such as Kingdon’s Multiple Streams framework. Discursive and documentary data were collected from 30 respondents from national and international institutions. Thematic analysis guided the data processing. Results showed that use of peer-reviewed academic research was not explicitly mentioned by respondents, in contrast to other types of knowledge, such as national statistical data, reports on government program evaluations, and reports on studies by international institutions and NGOs, also called technical and financial partners (TFPs). The emergence phase was more informed by grey literature and monitoring data. In this phase, national actors deepened and increased their knowledge (conceptual use) on the importance and challenges of social protection. The role of explicit knowledge in the formulation phase was nuanced. The actors’ thinking was little guided by the question of whether the solutions had the capacity to solve the problem in the Burkina Faso context. Choices were based very little on analysis of strategies (effectiveness, equity, unintended effects) and their applicability (cost, acceptability, feasibility). This way of working was due in part to actors’ limited knowledge on social protection and the lack of government guidance on strategic choices. Strategic use was clearly identified. It involved citing knowledge (reports on studies conducted by TFPs) to justify the utility and feasibility of a PNPS. Instrumental use consisted of drawing from workshop presentations and study reports when writing sections of the PNPS. The consideration of a recommendation based on explicit knowledge was influenced by perceived political gains, i.e., potential social and political consequences.

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PubMed entry

Kra Arsène Kouassi, Fosto Arlette Simo, N’guessan Kouassi Noël, Geoffroy Olivier, Younoussa Sidibé, Kabemba Odé Kanku, Gueye Papa Alioune, Ndeye Pauline Dama, Rouveau Nicolas, Boily Marie-Claude, Silhol Romain, d’Elbée Marc, Maheu-Giroux Mathieu, Vautier Anthony, Larmarange Joseph et on behalf of the ATLAS team (2023) « Can HIV self-testing reach first-time testers? A telephone survey among self-test end users in Côte d’Ivoire, Mali, and Senegal », BMC Infectious Diseases, 22 (1) (septembre 25), p. 972. DOI : 10.1186/s12879-023-08626-w. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08626-w.

Résumé : Coverage of HIV testing remains sub-optimal in West Africa. Between 2019 and 2022, the ATLAS program distributed ~400 000 oral HIV self-tests (HIVST) in Côte d’Ivoire, Mali, and Senegal, prioritising female sex workers (FSW) and men having sex with men (MSM), and relying on secondary redistribution of HIVST to partners, peers and clients to reach individuals not tested through conventional testing. This study assesses the proportion of first-time testers among HIVST users and the associated factors.

Mots-clés : Côte d’Ivoire, HIV self-testing, Key populations, Mali, Phone‐based survey, Senegal, West Africa.

Kra et al_2023_Can HIV self-testing reach first-time testers.pdf 1.8 Mio (source)

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Ky-Zerbo Odette, Desclaux Alice, Boye Sokhna, Maheu-Giroux Mathieu, Rouveau Nicolas, Vautier Anthony, Camara Cheick Sidi, Kouadio Brou Alexis, Sow Souleymane, Doumenc-Aidara Clémence, Gueye Papa Alioune, Geoffroy Olivier, Kamemba Odé Kanku, Ehui Eboi, Ndour Cheick Tidiane, Keita Abdelaye, Larmarange Joseph et for the ATLAS team (2023) « “I take it and give it to my partners who will give it to their partners”: Secondary distribution of HIV self-tests by key populations in Côte d’Ivoire, Mali, and Senegal », BMC Infectious Diseases, 22 (1) (mai 24), p. 970. DOI : 10.1186/s12879-023-08319-4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08319-4.

Résumé : HIV epidemics in Western and Central Africa (WCA) remain concentrated among key populations, who are often unaware of their status. HIV self-testing (HIVST) and its secondary distribution among key populations, and their partners and relatives, could reduce gaps in diagnosis coverage.

Mots-clés : ATLAS, HIVST, Key population, Secondary distribution, West and Central Africa.

Ky-Zerbo et al_2023_“I take it and give it to my partners who will give it to their partners”.pdf 1.2 Mio (source)

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Lamotte Emmanuel et Larmarange Joseph (2023) « Plugin SPIP "Bibliographie HAL" » (juin 23). https://hal.science/hal-04138641.

Résumé : P

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

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Lange Marie-France (2023) « L'impact de la pandémie de Covid-19 sur les systèmes scolaires des pays africains francophones [encadré] », Questions internationales, 115, p. 97. https://hal.science/hal-04144003.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

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Lange Marie-France (2023) « Scolarisation et genre : perspectives Nord et Sud », Éducation et sociétés, n° 49 (1) (mars 8), p. 5-27. DOI : 10.3917/es.049.0005. https://www.cairn.info/revue-education-et-societes-2023-1-page-5.htm?ref=doi.

Larmarange Joseph, Bachanas Pamela, Skalland Timothy, Balzer Laura B., Iwuji Collins, Floyd Sian, Mills Lisa A., Pillay Deenan, Havlir Diane, Kamya Moses R., Ayles Helen, Wirth Kathleen, Dabis François, Hayes Richard, Petersen Maya et UT³C consortium (2023) « Population-level viremia predicts HIV incidence at the community level across the Universal Testing and Treatment Trials in eastern and southern Africa », PLOS global public health, 3 (7), p. e0002157. DOI : 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002157.

Résumé : Universal HIV testing and treatment (UTT) strategies aim to optimize population-level benefits of antiretroviral treatment. Between 2012 and 2018, four large community randomized trials were conducted in eastern and southern Africa. While their results were broadly consistent showing decreased population-level viremia reduces HIV incidence, it remains unclear how much HIV incidence can be reduced by increasing suppression among people living with HIV (PLHIV). We conducted a pooled analysis across the four UTT trials. Leveraging data from 105 communities in five countries, we evaluated the linear relationship between i) population-level viremia (prevalence of non-suppression-defined as plasma HIV RNA >500 or >400 copies/mL-among all adults, irrespective of HIV status) and HIV incidence; and ii) prevalence of non-suppression among PLHIV and HIV incidence, using parametric g-computation. HIV prevalence, measured in 257 929 persons, varied from 2 to 41% across the communities; prevalence of non-suppression among PLHIV, measured in 31 377 persons, from 3 to 70%; population-level viremia, derived from HIV prevalence and non-suppression, from < 1% to 25%; and HIV incidence, measured over 345 844 person-years (PY), from 0.03/100PY to 3.46/100PY. Decreases in population-level viremia were strongly associated with decreased HIV incidence in all trials (between 0.45/100PY and 1.88/100PY decline in HIV incidence per 10 percentage points decline in viremia). Decreases in non-suppression among PLHIV were also associated with decreased HIV incidence in all trials (between 0.06/100PY and 0.17/100PY decline in HIV incidence per 10 percentage points decline in non-suppression). Our results support both the utility of population-level viremia as a predictor of incidence, and thus a tool for targeting prevention interventions, and the ability of UTT approaches to reduce HIV incidence by increasing viral suppression. Implementation of universal HIV testing approaches, coupled with interventions to leverage linkage to treatment, adapted to local contexts, can reduce HIV acquisition at population level.

PubMed entry

Larmarange Joseph et Broqua Christophe (2023) « Les hommes bisexuels sont moins exposés au virus de l’immunodéficience humaine que les homosexuels exclusifs en Afrique subsaharienne », Santé Publique, 34 (HS2) (mai 7), p. 123. DOI : 10.3917/spub.hs2.0123. https://hal.science/hal-04136246.

Résumé : Introduction : En Afrique subsaharienne, comme dans le reste du monde, les hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec des hommes (HSH) sont plus exposés à l’infection par le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH) que la population générale. Les bisexuels sont souvent perçus comme plus à risque que les homosexuels exclusifs. But de l’étude : Nous proposons une synthèse des connaissances sur l’exposition au VIH des homo-bisexuels à partir d’une revue des enquêtes épidémiologiques réalisées en Afrique subsaharienne depuis 2005. Résultats : Nous avons étudié 355 publications et avons identifié 62 mesures de l’association entre bisexualité et prévalence du VIH et 8 mesures de l’association entre bisexualité et incidence. À l’exception de 4 mesures sur 62, la prévalence du VIH observée parmi les bisexuels était inférieure ou égale à celle des homosexuels exclusifs. En matière d’incidence, toutes les études identifiées sauf une observent une incidence du VIH plus faible ou égale parmi les bisexuels. Du point de vue comportemental, la majorité des études n’ont pas relevé de différence d’utilisation du préservatif. Les bisexuels ont parfois une fréquence de rapports sexuels moindre et systématiquement moins de rapports anaux réceptifs. Ils ont commencé leur vie homosexuelle plus tardivement, ont eu moins de partenaires et sont moins nombreux à connaître leur statut VIH. Conclusions : Les bisexuels sont moins exposés au VIH que les homosexuels exclusifs, notamment en raison de différences comportementales. Il importe que les programmes de prévention et de traitement à destination des HSH prennent en compte les spécificités des bisexuels et conçoivent des offres différenciées.

Larmarange Joseph, Broqua Christophe et Leslie Wendy (2023) « Bisexual men are at less risk of HIV infection than exclusive gay men in sub-Saharan Africa », Sante Publique, 34 (HS2) (septembre 25), p. 123-132. DOI : 10.3917/spub.hs2.0123. https://www.cairn-int.info/journal-sante-publique-2022-HS2-page-123.htm.

Résumé : Introduction : En Afrique subsaharienne, comme dans le reste du monde, les hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec des hommes (HSH) sont plus exposés à l’infection par le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH) que la population générale. Les bisexuels sont souvent perçus comme plus à risque que les homosexuels exclusifs. But de l’étude : Nous proposons une synthèse des connaissances sur l’exposition au VIH des homo-bisexuels à partir d’une revue des enquêtes épidémiologiques réalisées en Afrique subsaharienne depuis 2005. Résultats : Nous avons étudié 355 publications et avons identifié 62 mesures de l’association entre bisexualité et prévalence du VIH et 8 mesures de l’association entre bisexualité et incidence. À l’exception de 4 mesures sur 62, la prévalence du VIH observée parmi les bisexuels était inférieure ou égale à celle des homosexuels exclusifs. En matière d’incidence, toutes les études identifiées sauf une observent une incidence du VIH plus faible ou égale parmi les bisexuels. Du point de vue comportemental, la majorité des études n’ont pas relevé de différence d’utilisation du préservatif. Les bisexuels ont parfois une fréquence de rapports sexuels moindre et systématiquement moins de rapports anaux réceptifs. Ils ont commencé leur vie homosexuelle plus tardivement, ont eu moins de partenaires et sont moins nombreux à connaître leur statut VIH. Conclusions : Les bisexuels sont moins exposés au VIH que les homosexuels exclusifs, notamment en raison de différences comportementales. Il importe que les programmes de prévention et de traitement à destination des HSH prennent en compte les spécificités des bisexuels et conçoivent des offres différenciées.

Larmarange et al_2022_Bisexual men are at less risk of HIV infection than exclusive gay men in.pdf 1.8 Mio (source)

Lefort-Rieu Claire, Minfegue Calvin, Kojoué Larissa, Vidal Laurent, Mengue Marie-Thérèse et Atlani-Duault Laëtitia (2023) « Normes et modèles de santé à l’épreuve du local : réceptions et (re)négociations des normes et modèles de lutte contre la pandémie de Covid-19 au Cameroun », Suds, 288, p. 15-46. DOI : 10.4000/suds.950.

Résumé : La pandémie de Covid-19 a entraîné à l’échelle internationale le déploiement d’un ensemble de modèles thérapeutiques, de dispositifs institutionnels et d’arrangements techniques et normatifs. Ceux-ci ont circulé dans divers pays selon une trajectoire allant globalement des Nords vers les Suds. Mais loin d’être des réceptacles passifs, les contextes des Suds ont souvent soumis ces modèles et dispositifs à de fortes tensions. Cet article discute, à partir du cas camerounais, les modalités de réception et les trajectoires de (re)négociations des normes et modèles de lutte contre la pandémie. En s’intéressant tant aux échelles nationale que locale, il retrace la manière dont les modèles globaux de lutte contre le Covid-19 circulent, sont reçus, reformulés, mis en discours et en actes. Mots-clés : Covid-19, santé globale, pandémie, Cameroun, normes, modèles The Covid-19 pandemic led to the international deployment of a range of therapeutic models, institutional mechanisms and technical and normative arrangements. These circulated in various countries, following a trajectory that moved from the North to the South. But far from being passive receptacles, the contexts of the Global South have often subjected these models and devices to strong tensions. Based on the case of Cameroon, this article discusses the ways in which norms and models for combating the pandemic have been received and (re)negotiated. Looking at both national and local levels, it traces the way in which global models for combating Covid-19 circulate, are received, reformulated, and put into discourse and action. Keywords: Covid-19, global health, pandemic, Cameroon, standards, models

Lefort-Rieu Claire et Ngodji Fulbert (2023) « Aide internationale et gouvernances éducatives en situation de pandémie : la Covid-19 au Cameroun », Cahiers d’études africaines, 250 (juin 1), p. 343-362. DOI : 10.4000/etudesafricaines.41816. https://journals.openedition.org/etudesafricaines/41816.

Résumé : La crise sanitaire de la Covid-19 a eu de fortes incidences sur les formes d’action publique. Au Cameroun, les politiques éducatives liées à la pandémie montrent comment des modes de gouvernance hybrides, combinant dispositifs étatiques et issus de l’aide internationale, peuvent se trouver reconfigurés à la faveur d’une crise sanitaire. À rebours des discours sur la dépendance des États africains vis-à-vis de l’international, cet article montre comment des programmes portés par des organisations non étatiques peuvent servir à appuyer la stratégie gouvernementale. En s’intéressant aux stratégies déployées à l’échelle locale, il s’agira aussi d’étudier la façon dont ces modalités de gouvernance éducative peuvent faire l’objet d’une mise à l’épreuve et d’une co-construction dans la durée de la part des acteurs tant nationaux que locaux.

Mots-clés : aide internationale, Cameroun, Covid-19, éducation, éducation en situation d’urgence, pandémie, Unicef.

Lerosier Thomas, Touré Laurence, Diabaté Seydou, Diarra Yacouba et Ridde Valery (2023) « Minimal resilience and insurgent conflict: qualitative analysis of the resilience process in six primary health centres in central Mali », BMJ Global Health, 7 (Suppl 9) (avril), p. e010683. DOI : 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010683. https://gh.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010683.

Résumé : Background In the context of universal health coverage in the Sahel, the study focuses on primary health centres and the difficulties of their implementation in the context of insurgency conflicts in central Mali. Methods This is qualitative research through a multiple case study. We selected six health centres according to a reasoned choice to bring together contrasting situations. We conducted 96 semistructured interviews and consulted secondary quantitative data on attendance. By focusing on community health centres, the conceptual approach focuses on the process of resilience that unfolds in a dual context of chronic health system dysfunctions and armed conflict. Results The resilience strategies deployed by health professionals were relatively basic and uncoordinated. In the end, it was the individuals who showed absorption. However, their room for manoeuvre was limited. In the most isolated health centres, resilience was based on subordinate, poorly trained staff, often from the locality. Degraded working conditions and fear caused a form of resignation among health workers. Conclusion The strategies and resources used showed a form of minimal resilience. This form is unfolding in a context marked by two structuring features. On the one hand, the Malian health system was relatively dysfunctional before the crisis, and on the other hand, the type of conflict was relatively low intensity that allowed health centres to remain open.

Texte intégral 274.8 kio (source)

Leservoisier Olivier et Moynié Bruno (2023) « Les relations entre migrants ouest-africains (Sénégal, Mauritanie) et Afro-Américains aux États-Unis au prisme de la question migratoire », Cahiers d'études africaines, 249 (mars 1), p. 63-83. DOI : 10.4000/etudesafricaines.40636. http://journals.openedition.org/etudesafricaines/40636.

Leservoisier Olivier et Moynié Bruno (2023) « Relations between West African Migrants (Senegal, Mauritania) and African Americans in the United States through the Lens of the Migration Issue », Cahiers d'études africaines, 249 (mars 1), p. 63. DOI : 10.4000/etudesafricaines.40636. https://hal.science/hal-04149661.

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Ludet Louise, Teixeira Luis, des Guetz Gaëtan et Schantz Clémence (2023) « Therapeutic mobility and breast cancer in France: Experiences of African women », SSM - Qualitative Research in Health (juillet 15), p. 100314. DOI : 10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100314. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667321523000987.

Résumé : While breast cancer is the most common cancer globally, not all women have access to quality care. Long considered a disease of high-income countries, low- and middle-income countries are now facing a major public health issue regarding cancer. This is the case in sub-Saharan Africa, where access to quality breast cancer treatment is often lacking. This context leads some women to travel abroad, particularly to France, hoping to save their lives. This article aims to examine the experiences, the social cost and the perceptions associated with therapeutic mobility for breast cancer in France. To this end, this study uses a qualitative method based on nineteen biographical interviews with women from sub-Saharan Africa with breast cancer who have migrated to France seeking for treatment. It shows that these women often face significant difficulties throughout their care and life paths in France. Main issues lay in accessing care, housing insecurity, loneliness, and administrative instability. This reflects how the double biographical disruption, caused by cancer and migration, impact entire disease trajectories, from entry to care to post-breast cancer period. With this research, we suggest extending the concept of social death to the issue of women who have undergone therapeutic mobility for their breast cancer in France. Highlighting the experiences of women who remain almost invisible in the public arena, this article analyses poorly heard realities and shows how social inequalities in health can be found even in reconstructing oneself after breast cancer.

Mots-clés : Access to care, Biographical disruption, Breast cancer, France, Migration, Social inequalities, Sub-Saharan Africa, Therapeutic mobility.

Mattern Chiarella, Pourette Dolorès, Andriamandimby S. F., Rabarison J., Darsot A., Ralaizara B., Vray M., Shimakawa Y. et Giles-Vernick T. (2023) « Enjeux et difficultés de l'accès aux traitements pour la prise en charge de l'hépatite B chronique à Madagascar : étude qualitative auprès des soignants et personnes atteintes », Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 71 (4) (août 1), p. 102088. DOI : 10.1016/j.respe.2023.102088. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0398762023006739.

Résumé : Objectives Madagascar faces many difficulties in accessing diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B. The prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection is estimated at 6.9%. The costs associated with screening and treatment are high and not easily accessible. This article proposes a reflection on the challenges and difficulties of access to diagnosis and treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis B. Method The “Neo Vac” study aimed to document the life paths of people living with chronic hepatitis B, their difficulties and their perceptions of HBV. Twenty-three semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2019 in Antananarivo with patients and gastroenterologists. Results The study describes the numerous obstacles that mark the therapeutic pathways of chronic HBV patients. The first result indicates lack of knowledge of the disease by chronic HBV patients and the varied circumstances in which the disease is discovered. None of the persons interviewed had been screened on their own initiative, the screening having taken place during prenatal consultations or emergency hospitalizations or during a morbidity episode. The care pathway was characterized by doubt and anxiety due to lack of knowledge about the possible disease outcome and concern about the costs of care. Discussion Little known by the population and health professionals, hepatitis B is rarely the subject of voluntary screening and is most often detected during an apparently unrelated health event. The exorbitant cost of treatment for patients, the cost of medical analyses and secondary costs, and the unavailability of follow-up tests outside the capital constitute barriers to access to care that are insurmountable for the majority of the Malagasy population. Conclusions This first qualitative study on the experiences of HBV-infected persons in terms of access to care and treatment in Madagascar underlines the extent to which access to treatment remains limited, due to the absence of a national policy for the prevention, screening and management of hepatitis B, which remains a highly neglected and unrecognized disease in Madagascar as well as internationally. Résumé Objectifs Madagascar rencontre de nombreuses difficultés dans l'accès au diagnostic et au traitement de l'hépatite B. La prévalence de l'infection chronique de l'hépatite B y est estimée à 6,9 %. Les coûts associés au dépistage et aux traitements sont payants et peu accessibles. Cet article propose une réflexion autour des enjeux et des difficultés de l'accès au diagnostic et aux traitements pour les patients atteints d'hépatite B chronique. Méthode L’étude « Néo Vac » avait pour objectif de documenter les parcours de vie des personnes vivant avec une hépatite B chronique, leurs difficultés et leurs perceptions du VHB. Vingt-trois entretiens semi-directifs ont été conduits en 2019 à Antananarivo avec des patients et des gastro-entérologues. Résultats L’étude décrit les nombreux obstacles qui jalonnent les parcours thérapeutiques des patients porteurs chroniques de VHB. Le premier résultat indique la méconnaissance de la maladie par les patients porteurs chroniques de VHB et les circonstances variées de découverte de la maladie. Aucune personne interviewée n'a été dépistée de sa propre initiative, le dépistage ayant eu lieu lors d'examens à l'occasion de consultations prénatales ou d'hospitalisations d'urgence ou d'un épisode de morbidité. Le parcours de soins est caractérisé par le doute et l'angoisse du fait de la méconnaissance sur l'issue possible de la maladie et l'inquiétude quant aux coûts de la prise en charge. Discussion Peu connue des populations et des professionnels de santé, l'hépatite B fait rarement l'objet de dépistages volontaires et se fait le plus souvent à l'occasion d'un événement de santé. Le coût exorbitant du traitement à la charge des patients, le coût des analyses médicales et les coûts secondaires ainsi que l'indisponibilité des tests de suivi en dehors de la capitale, constituent des barrières à l'accès aux soins, infranchissables pour la majorité de la population malgache. Conclusions Cette première étude qualitative sur le vécu des personnes infectées par le VHB en matière d'accès aux soins et aux traitements à Madagascar souligne combien l'accès au traitement reste limité, du fait de l'absence d'une politique nationale de prévention, de dépistage et de prise en charge de l'hépatite B, qui reste une maladie fortement négligée et méconnue à Madagascar comme au niveau international.

Mots-clés : accessibilité aux services de santé, Anthropologie, Anthropology, Health Service Accessibility, Hépatite B, Hepatitis B, Madagascar.

Meda Ivlabèhiré Bertrand, Kouanda Seni et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Effect of cost-reduction interventions on facility-based deliveries in Burkina Faso: a controlled interrupted time-series study with multiple non-equivalent dependent variables », Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 77 (3) (mars 1), p. 133. DOI : 10.1136/jech-2022-218794. http://jech.bmj.com/content/77/3/133.abstract.

Résumé : Background Evaluating health intervention effectiveness in low-income countries involves many methodological challenges to be addressed. The objective of this study was to estimate the sustained effects of two interventions to improve financial access to facility-based deliveries.Methods In an innovative controlled interrupted time-series study with primary data, we used four non-equivalent dependent variables (antenatal care) as control outcomes to estimate the effects of a national subsidy for deliveries (January 2007–December 2013) and a local ‘free delivery’ intervention (June 2007–December 2010) on facility-based deliveries. The statistical analysis used spline linear regressions with random intercepts and slopes.Results The analysis involved 20 877 observations for the national subsidy and 8842 for the ‘free delivery’ intervention. The two interventions did not have immediate effects. However, both were associated with positive trend changes varying from 0.21 to 0.52 deliveries per month during the first 12 months and from 0.78 to 2.39 deliveries per month during the first 6 months. The absolute effects, evaluated 84 and 42 months after introduction, ranged from 2.64 (95% CI 0.51 to 4.77) to 10.78 (95% CI 8.52 to 13.03) and from 9.57 (95% CI 5.97 to 13.18) to 14.47 (95% CI 10.47 to 18.47) deliveries per month for the national subsidy and the ‘free delivery’ intervention, respectively, depending on the type of antenatal care used as a control outcome.Conclusion The results suggest that both interventions were associated with sustained non-linear increases in facility-based deliveries. The use of multiple control groups strengthens the credibility of the results, making them useful for policy makers seeking solutions for universal health coverage.Data are available on reasonable request. The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Meyer Jean-Baptiste (2023) « Universities and sustainability : a review of recent literature », p. 116. https://hal.science/hal-04112815.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

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Meyer Jean-Baptiste, Benguerna M., Pellegrini C., Alazali M. et Benbouzid K. (2023) « Higher education in North Africa: comparative evolution of Algeria and Morocco », The Journal of North African Studies, 28 (1) (janvier 2), p. 100-117. DOI : 10.1080/13629387.2022.2028259. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13629387.2022.2028259.

Mezin Laetitia, Rousseau Anne, Sellier Yann, Teixeira Luis et Schantz Clémence (2023) « « Un vaccin qui reste quand même à part » : Papillomavirus et vaccination en France », Santé Publique, 35 (2), p. 127-137. DOI : 10.3917/spub.232.0127. https://www.cairn.info/revue-sante-publique-2023-2-page-127.htm.

Résumé : Introduction : La vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain (HPV) est aujourd’hui peu répandue en France où le taux vaccinal est l’un des plus faibles d’Europe. Pourtant, ce virus est rencontré par 80 % de la population et entraine 3 000 nouveaux cas de cancers du col de l’utérus par an. Cette vaccination constitue un réel levier d’action, notamment par le biais des médecins généralistes. But de l’étude : L’objectif était de comprendre le faible taux vaccinal en France et de proposer des solutions durables pour augmenter l’adhésion à ce vaccin. Avec une approche qualitative, nous avons documenté les perceptions, réticences et obstacles de seize médecins généralistes en Île de France. Résultats : Le vaccin anti-HPV présente des particularités qui rendent son abord plus délicat auprès de la population. D’abord, parce qu’il touche à l’intimité des patients et ce, dès un très jeune âge. Ensuite, parce qu’il a longtemps été dédié à un public féminin ; l’ouverture de la vaccination aux garçons du même âge entraine donc une modification des discours et une rupture avec son image genrée. Enfin, cette vaccination s’inscrit dans un contexte où l’hésitation vaccinale est marquée en France, avec une circulation rapide d’informations plus ou moins fiables venant souvent mettre en difficulté le corps médical. Conclusions : Les professionnels de santé détiennent un rôle clé pour convaincre et entrainer l’adhésion des patients, et une majorité des médecins reste favorable à cette vaccination. S’appuyer sur un ensemble de professionnels de santé plus large pourrait permettre d’augmenter l’adhésion vaccinale en France.

Mots-clés : Cancer, HPV, Information, Médecins Généralistes, Vaccin, ⚠️ Invalid DOI.

Miani Céline, Batram-Zantvoort Stephanie, Pitchforth Emma, Treadgold Bethan, Johnston Krista, Rozée Virginie, McDouglas Christiana, Schantz Clémence et van Teijlingen, Edwin (2023) « Out-of-hospital births: A small but growing phenomenon in high income countries: A viewpoint », Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM), 10 (2), p. 77-78.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

Mladovsky Philipa, Prince Ruth, Hane Fatoumata et Ridde Valéry (2023) « The primacy of politics in neoliberal universal health coverage policy reform. A commentary on ‘financing and provision of healthcare for two billion people in low-income nations: Is the cooperative healthcare model a solution?” by William C Hsiao and Winnie Yip », Social science & medicine, p. 115742. DOI : 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115742. https://hal.science/hal-04147860.

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PubMed entry

Nuampa Sasitara, Ratinthorn Ameporn, Lumbiganon Pisake, Rungreangkulkij Somporn, Rujiraprasert Nilubon, Buaboon Natthapat, Jampathong Nampet, Dumont Alexandre, Hanson Claudia, Loenzien Myriam de, Bohren Meghan A. et Betrán Ana Pilar (2023) « Because it eases my Childbirth Plan: a qualitative study on factors contributing to preferences for caesarean section in Thailand », BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 23 (1) (avril 24), p. 280. DOI : 10.1186/s12884-023-05576-8. https://hal.science/hal-04149594.

Résumé : BACKGROUND: Although caesarean section (CS) rates have increased rapidly in Thailand, the upward trend is not supported by significant maternal or perinatal health benefits. The appropriate use of CS through QUALIty DECision-making by women and providers (QUALI-DEC project) aims to design and implement a strategy to optimize the use of CS through non-clinical interventions. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing women’s and health professionals’ preferences for CS delivery in Thailand. METHODS: We conducted a formative qualitative study by using semi-structured in-depth interviews with pregnant and postpartum women, and healthcare staff. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants from eight hospitals across four regions of Thailand. Content analysis was used to develop the main themes. RESULTS: There were 78 participants, including 27 pregnant and 25 postpartum women, 8 administrators, 13 obstetricians, and 5 interns. We identified three main themes and seven sub-themes of women and healthcare providers’ perceptions on CS: (1) avoiding the negative experiences from vaginal birth (the pain of labor and childbirth, uncertainty during the labor period); (2) CS is a safer mode of birth (guarantees the baby’s safety, a protective shield for doctors); and (3) CS facilitates time management (baby’s destiny at an auspicious time, family’s management, manage my work/time). CONCLUSIONS: Women mentioned negative experiences and beliefs about vaginal delivery, labor pain, and uncertain delivery outcomes as important factors influencing CS preferences. On the other hand, CS is safer for babies and facilitates multiple tasks in women’s lives. From health professionals’ perspectives, CS is the easier and safer method for patients and them. Interventions to reduce unnecessary CS, including QUALI-DEC, should be designed and implemented, taking into consideration the perceptions of both women and healthcare providers.

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Oliveira S. R., Cazarin G., Sampaio A. S., Vasconcelos A. L. de, Furtado B., Medeiros S. G. de, Zacarias A. C., Andrade A. C., Sousa K. M. de, Zinszer K. et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Potential strengths and weaknesses in hospital resilience in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil : a case study », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2), p. 2177242 [10 p.]. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2177242. https://hal.science/hal-04145231.

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