Références bibliographiques

Kabbanji Lama (2017) « Regional management of migration in West Africa: the case of ECOWAS and UEMOA », in Migration, Free Movement and Regional Integration, éd. par Sonja Nita, Antoine Pécoud, Philippe De Lombaerde, Paul De Guchteneire, Kate Neyts, et Joshua Gartland, UNESCO, UNU - CRIS, Paris, p. 95-118.

Nyangoh Timoh Krystel, Fauconnier Arnaud, Ravit Marion, Bader Georges, Varas Ramos Catalina et Fritel Xavier (2017) « Do Urinary Leakage Circumstances in Women With Urinary Incontinence Correlate With Physician Diagnosis and Urodynamic Results? A Questionnaire Validation Study », Urology (mai). DOI : 10.1016/j.urology.2017.05.009. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0090429517305009.

Orne-Gliemann Joanna, Rolland Matthieu, Tiendrebeogo Thierry, Larmarange Joseph, Pillay Deenan, Dabis François, McGrath Nuala et ANRS 12249 TasP Study Group (2017) « Is there an effect of universal ART on sexual behaviours in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa? ANRS 12249 treatment-as-prevention (TasP) trial » (poster WEPEC0968), présenté à 9th IAS Conference on HIV Science (IAS 2017), Paris. http://programme.ias2017.org/Abstract/Abstract/2390.

Résumé : Background: There are concerns that the implementation of Universal Test and Treat (UTT) could increase populationlevel sexual risk behaviours. We analysed the effect of universal ART vs CD4-guided ART (start at CD4≥350 then ≥500) on sexual behaviours over time, in the context of the cluster-randomised TasP trial. Methods: As part of the 6-monthly home-based survey rounds conducted in 11x2 clusters, a sexual behaviour questionnaire was administered to all residents ≥16 years. We used GEE modelling stratified by gender, to compare reported condom use at last sex (CLS), and multi-partnership (≥2 sexual partners) among those sexually-active in the previous six months across trial arms. We tested whether the sexual behaviours changed over time differently in each arm by inclusion of an interaction term between survey round and arm, using the Quasi-likelihood Independence Criterion (QIC) statistic to compare models. Results: The analysis included 43,106 reports of partnerships (22,974 control, 20,132 intervention) across 7 survey rounds (SR), between 03/2012 and 06/2016. There were no consistent or substantive changes in CLS over time neither by gender nor by arm (fig 1a, 1b); inclusion of an interaction term improved the model fit, reflecting small differences between arms in CLS over time. Less than 1.5% of women reported multiple partnerships at any SR, too few for modelling (fig 1d). The proportion of men reporting multiple partnerships decreased significantly during the study (aOR 0.79, 95% CI 0.75, 0.83), p< 0.001), similarly for each arm (interaction not significant), with overall a small, but significant higher proportion reported in the universal ART arm (13.7%) vs CD4-guided ART (12.1%) (OR=1.15, 95% CI (1.03, 1.27), p=0.02 (fig 1c). [Figure 1] Conclusions: There is no evidence of increased unprotected sex with universal ART in this South African population. Continued monitoring of population-level sexual behaviour indicators, in particular multiple partnerships, is needed as the UTT strategy is rolled out.

Ouattara Fatoumata, Baxerres Carine, Guillaume Agnès et Storeng Katerini Tagmatarchi (2017) « Institutional processes in the registration of misoprostol in Benin and Burkina Faso » (communication orale), présenté à The 10th Conference on Global Health and Vaccination Research, Trondheim (Norvège).

Mots-clés : AVORTEMENT, MADAGASCAR, Misoprostol.

Ouattara Fatoumata, Baxerres Carine, Guillaume Agnès et Storeng Katerini Tagmatarchi (2017) « Politique publique de l’avortement ? Acteurs, logiques et enjeux (Bénin & Burkina Faso) » (communication orale), présenté à Colloque international du Lasdel : « Les problèmes négligés des systèmes de santé en Afrique », Niamey, Niger.

Mots-clés : AVORTEMENT, MADAGASCAR, Misoprostol.

Ouédraogo Ramatou et Guillaume Agnès (2017) « Un désir d’enfant non abouti ? Grossesse et avortement chez les jeunes femmes à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) », Anthropologie et Sociétés, 41 (2), p. 39-57. DOI : 10.7202/1042313ar. https://www.anthropologie-societes.ant.ulaval.ca/numero/5278.

Mots-clés : AVORTEMENT, désir d'enfant, jeunes, MARIAGE, Ouagadougou, parentalité, précarité.

Un désir d’enfant non abouti ? Grossesse et avortement chez les jeunes femmes à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) | Revue Anthropologie et Sociétés (source)

Ouedraogo Samiratou, Ridde Valery, Atchessi Nicole, Souares Aurelia, Koulidiati Jean-Louis, Stoeffler Quentin et Zunzunegui Maria-Victoria (2017) « Characterisation of the rural indigent population in Burkina Faso: a screening tool for setting priority healthcare services in sub-Saharan Africa », Bmj Open, 7 (10) (octobre), p. e013405. DOI : 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013405.

Résumé : Background In Africa, health research on indigent people has focused on how to target them for services, but little research has been conducted to identify the social groups that compose indigence. Our aim was to identify what makes someone indigent beyond being recognised by the community as needing a card for free healthcare. Methods We used data from a survey conducted to evaluate a state-led intervention for performance-based financing of health services in two districts of Burkina Faso. In 2015, we analysed data of 1783 non-indigents and 829 people defined as indigents by their community in 21 villages following community-based targeting processes. Using a classification tree, we built a model to select socioeconomic and health characteristics that were likely to distinguish between non-indigents and indigents. We described the screening performance of the tree using data from specific nodes. Results Widow(er) s under 45 years of age, unmarried people aged 45 years and over, and married women aged 60 years and over were more likely to be identified as indigents by their community. Simple rules based on age, marital status and gender detected indigents with sensitivity of 75.6% and specificity of 55% among those 45 years and over; among those under 45, sensitivity was 85.5% and specificity 92.2%. For both tests combined, sensitivity was 78% and specificity 81%. Conclusion In moving towards universal health coverage, Burkina Faso should extend free access to priority healthcare services to widow(er) s under 45, unmarried people aged 45 years and over, and married women aged 60 years and over, and services should be adapted to their health needs.

Mots-clés : age, context, equity, insurance, marital-status, ouagadougou, performance, poor, subsidies, widowhood.

Pannetier Julie, Gigonzac Virginie, Lydié Nathalie, Desgrées du Loû Annabel et Dray-Spira Rosemary (2017) « Timing of chronic hepatitis B diagnosis after migration and its determinants among Sub-Saharan African migrants living in France », éd. par Ravi Jhaveri, PLOS ONE, 12 (12) (décembre 28), p. e0189196 (14 p.). DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0189196. http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189196.

Résumé : Objective In European countries, chronic hepatitis B (CHB) disproportionately affects migrants from medium-and high-endemic areas and is largely underdiagnosed. To inform policy and improve screening strategies, we measured the timing of CHB diagnosis after migration and its determinants among sub-Saharan migrants living in the Paris metropolitan area (France). Design The PARCOURS study is a retrospective life-event history survey conducted in health care services in 2012-2013 among 779 migrants from sub-Saharan Africa who were receiving care for CHB. We investigated the timing of CHB diagnosis from the time of arrival in France using the Kaplan-Meier method and characteristics associated with CHB diagnosis since the time of arrival in France using discrete-time multivariate logistic regression models. Results The median CHB diagnosis occurred during the fourth year spent in France for men and during the second year spent in France for women. Among men, the probability of CHB diagnosis increased during years with (versus without) a temporary resident permit (aOR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.2), a precarious accommodation (aOR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1-2.6), and hospitalization (aOR: 7.7, 95% CI: 3.4-15.1). Among women, CHB diagnosis was more likely to occur during years with unemployment (aOR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.94), pregnancy (aOR: 6.6, 95% CI: 3.5-12.5) and hospitalization (aOR: 9.0, 95% CI: 2.95-32.3). For both sexes, the probability of CHB diagnosis was higher among those who migrated to France because they were threatened in their country. Conclusion This study shows that social hardships (residential, economic, administrative) and contact with the health care system after arrival in France hasten access to a CHB diagnosis.

Pannetier Julie, Lert France, Jauffret Roustide Marie et Desgrées du Loû Annabel (2017) « Mental health of sub-saharan african migrants: The gendered role of migration paths and transnational ties », SSM - Population Health, 3, p. 549-557. DOI : 10.1016/j.ssmph.2017.06.003. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2352827316301884.

Duchesne Véronique (2017) « Le rapport des couples africains à la procréation médicalement assistée »Audrey Parmentier, Made for minds radio allemande diffusée en Afrique francophone.

Pasquier Estelle, Kunda John, DeBeaudrap Pierre, Loyse Angela, Temfack Elvis, Molloy Síle F, Harrison Thomas S et Lortholary Olivier (2017) « Long term mortality and disability in Cryptococcal Meningitis: a systematic literature review. », Clinical Infectious Diseases, 66 (7) (octobre 4), p. 1122-1132. DOI : 10.1093/cid/cix870. http://academic.oup.com/cid/article/doi/10.1093/cid/cix870/4344944/Long-term-mortality-and-disability-in-Cryptococcal.

Résumé : Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is the primary cause of meningitis in adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and an emerging disease in HIV-seronegative individuals. No literature review has studied the long-term outcome of CM. We performed a systematic review on the long-term (>= 3-month) impact of CM (Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii) on mortality and disability in HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected adults. Although the quality of current evidence is limited, the long-term impact of CM on survival and disability seems to be high. One-year mortality ranged from 13% in an Australian non-HIV-infected C. gattii-infected cohort to 78% in a Malawian HIV-infected cohort treated with fluconazole monotherapy. One-year impairment proportions among survivors ranged from 19% in an Australian C. gattii cohort to >70% in a Taiwanese non-HIV- and HIV-infected cohorts. Ongoing early therapeutic interventions, early detection of impairments and access to rehabilitation services may significantly improve patients' survival and quality of life.

Mots-clés : cryptococcal meningitis, disability, factors, long-term outcome, mortality, risk.

Perez D., Castro M., Rifkin S. B., Lloyd L. S., Zabala M. C., Van der Stuyft P., Ridde Valéry et Lefevre Pierre (2017) « Towards knowledge translation of community empowerment strategies in dengue prevention: a fresh look at a Cuban experience », Tropical Medicine & International Health, 22 (octobre), p. 208-208.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

Pérouse de Montclos Marc-Antoine (2017) « Le Nigeria, Boko Haram et la crise migratoire », Peuples en migration 2 : Eurafrique ?, 53, p. 175–189. DOI : 10.3917/oute1.053.0174. http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010072971.

Mots-clés : AIDE HUMANITAIRE, AIDE MULTILATERALE, COMMERCE, CONFLIT POLITIQUE, CRISE ECONOMIQUE, DEPLACEMENT DE POPULATION, GEOPOLITIQUE, ISLAM, MIGRATION INTERNATIONALE, NIGERIA, REFUGIE, SECTEUR INFORMEL, TERRORISME.

Pérouse de Montclos Marc-Antoine (2017) « Les ONG et la migration : un cinquième pouvoir ? », Outre-Terre, 3 (52), p. 84–90. DOI : 10.3917/oute1.052.0084. http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010071533.

Mots-clés : AIDE HUMANITAIRE, GEOPOLITIQUE, LIBYE, MEDITERRANEE, MIGRATION, ONG, POUVOIR.

Pérouse de Montclos Marc-Antoine (2017) « Boko Haram : un conflit appelé à durer », Les Grands Dossiers de Diplomatie, 42 (dec. 2017 - janv. 2018), p. 70–71. http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010071863.

Mots-clés : 🔍No DOI found, ANTHROPOLOGIE POLITIQUE, CAMEROUN, CONFLIT POLITIQUE, MOUVEMENT ISLAMIQUE, NIGER, NIGERIA, SECTE, TCHAD, TERRORISME, ⛔ No DOI found.

Pérouse de Montclos Marc-Antoine (2017) « Le djihad sahélien à l'épreuve de l'histoire », Etudes, 6, p. 19–29. http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010069914.

Résumé : Le djihadisme au Sahel est-il simplement un "produit d'importation", étranger à l'islam africain ? L'histoire de la région invite à nuancer cette représentation. Le développement d'États la\¨iecs après l'Indépendance a tendu à occulter l'existence de forces religieuses actives dans le champ politique.

Mots-clés : 🔍No DOI found, AFRIQUE SUBSAHARIENNE, ANTHROPOLOGIE POLITIQUE, COLONIALISME, DJIHAD, HISTOIRE, ISLAM, MALI, MOUVEMENT ISLAMIQUE, NIGERIA, SAHEL, SOMALIE, ⛔ No DOI found.

Pérouse de Montclos Marc-Antoine (2017) « La guerre urbi et orbi », France Forum, 66, p. 32–33.

Mots-clés : 🔍No DOI found, AFRIQUE SUBSAHARIENNE, GUERRE, HISTOIRE, URBANISATION, VILLE, ⛔ No DOI found.

Pérouse de Montclos Marc-Antoine (2017) « Pilgrimage to Mecca and “Radical” Islam: New trends from Sub-Saharan Africa », The Journal of the Middle East and Africa, 8 (3) (juillet 3), p. 273-289. DOI : 10.1080/21520844.2017.1370574. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21520844.2017.1370574.

Résumé : In sub-Saharan Africa, the pilgrimage to Mecca is an old tradition, and the Holy City has a global impact on the mobility of Muslims and the circulation of Islamic ideas. However, the proportion of sub-Saharan Muslims making the pilgrimage to Mecca has been decreasing, especially from Nigeria, the most populated country on the continent. Indeed, the opportunities to visit Mecca are limited by internal and external constraints that depend on many political, economic, and social factors. As a result, the yearly numbers of pilgrims do not say much about religiosity or the propensity for jihadist violence. In this regard, it is more important to understand from a historical point of view the role of Mecca in the so-called radicalization of Islam in Africa south of the Sahara.

Mots-clés : AFRIQUE SUBSAHARIENNE, ANTHROPOLOGIE RELIGIEUSE, DIFFUSION, HISTOIRE, IDEOLOGIE, ISLAM, LA MECQUE, MIGRATION, NIGERIA, PELERINAGE, RADICALISME.

Petit Véronique (2017) « From madness to mental health in Senegal », International Workshop présenté à International workshop Anthropological demography of health., mars 30, Oxford, Somerville College.

Petit Véronique et Balde Alhassane (2017) « Les migrations des Guinéens vers l’Union européenne : marginalité statistique vs. impact social », Outre-Terre, 53 (4), p. 96-113. DOI : 10.3917/oute1.053.0096. https://www.cairn.info/revue-outre-terre2-2017-4-page-96.htm.

Résumé : Alors que des images de violences et de morts à propos des migrants hantent quotidiennement les médias depuis des mois, il importe de déconstruire les représentations qui peuvent découler de ces images et qui pourraient laisser penser que l’émigration subsaharienne se dirigerait de manière très polarisée vers l’Union européenne. Cet article vise donc à resituer les flux migratoires des migrants guinéens au regard de l’histoire et dans le contexte sociopolitique plus large de leurs mobilités.

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Piantoni Frédéric et Bonfiglioli Clotilde (2017) « Migrations et frontières en Europe. Le mythe de la fermeture », in Frontières, Francois Moullé, Pressac : Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 1ére: p. 163-181. (Parcours Universitaires-Géopolitque).

Résumé : La crise des réfugiés de 2015 a révélé les failles du système Schengen en matière de contrôle et d’accueil. L’intensité et la multiplicité des migrations ainsi que l’exacerbation des replis nationaux obligent les États européens à redéfinir les rôles de leurs frontières. Alors que le principe de libre-circulation laissait entendre une dévaluation des frontières étatiques, ces dernières évoluent et se diffusent dans l’espace.

Mots-clés : asile, FRONTIERE, réfugiés.

Pierron Bénédicte et Desjeux Dominique (2017) « Selfie ou jeux identitaires », Ludocorpus. https://2015-2018.ludocorpus.org/fr/?s=desjeux.

Résumé : Le selfie est la résultante aujourd’hui d’une combinatoire inattendue entre plusieurs techniques : Internet, les réseaux sociaux numériques comme Facebook en Occident et WeChat ou wēi xìn (微信 « petit message »), l’équivalent du SMS, en Chine ; la numérisation des photos, Instagram -une application qui permet le partage des photos et des films- et le Smartphone -un téléphone qui se transforme en terminal mobile dans la main de l’usager final- pour toutes les applications qui font circuler de l’information numérisable. Chacun de ces objets matériels fonctionnait suivant un usage qui lui était propre. Cependant, ils avaient tous en commun d’appartenir à l’univers du digital. Internet qui a commencé à se généraliser en 1994 leur a servi d’agrégateur. Le selfie est la résultante de cette agrégation non intentionnelle entre une logistique matérielle, des interactions sociales et des représentations du soi.

Pilecco Flavia B., Ravalihasy Andrainolo, Guillaume Agnès, Desgrées du Lou Annabel et PARCOURS Study Group (2017) « Induced abortion, migration and HIV: an analysis of migrants from sub-Saharan Africa living in Île-de-France » (poster (A-854-0192-01326), présenté à 9th IAS Conference on HIV Science (IAS 2017), Paris. http://programme.ias2017.org/.

Pilon Marc, Lanoue Éric et Yaro Yacouba (2017) « Quel impact du conflit ivoirien sur l’éducation au Burkina Faso ? Publication », La lettre de NORRAG n°53.

Mots-clés : conflit, Côte d’Ivoire, éducation.

Pilon Marc, Marcoux Richard, Bouaré Issa et Coulibaly Aminata (2017) « Les jeunes filles domestiques à Bamako : une population méconnue » (communication orale), présenté à International Population Conference - IUSSP, Le Cap (Afrique du Sud).

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

Plazy Mélanie, Diallo A, Iwuji Collins, Orne-Gliemann Joanna, Okesola Nonhlanhla, Hlabisa T, Pillay Deenan, Dabis François, Larmarange Joseph et ANRS 12249 TasP Study Group (2017) « Enhancing referral to increase linkage to HIV care in rural South Africa: example from the ANRS 12249 TasP trial » (poster TUPED1308), présenté à 9th IAS Conference on HIV Science (IAS 2017), Paris. http://programme.ias2017.org/Abstract/Abstract/2405.

Résumé : Background: Timely linkage to care following an HIV diagnosis is critical for people living with HIV to initiate antiretroviral treatment as early as possible and thus decrease the risks of HIV-related morbidity, mortality and HIV transmission. Linkage to HIV care is however often challenging and innovative strategies are required to help people accessing HIV care. We aimed at evaluating the effect of phone calls and home visits following an initial referral on time to linkage to care in the context of a Universal HIV Testing and Treatment (UTT) trial in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods: The ANRS 12249 TasP trial was conducted from March 2012 to June 2016 with the aim to evaluate the effect of UTT on HIV incidence. Individuals ≥16 years were offered home-based HIV testing; those identified HIV-positive were referred to nearby TasP trial clinics to receive care and treatment. Starting April 2013, an enhancement strategy combining phone calls and home visits was implemented to re-refer people who did not link to care within three months of first referral. Effect of this strategy on time to linkage to care was studied as a time-varying variable among individuals not in care at first referral using a Cox regression model censored for death, migration and end of study observation. Results: Among the 7,643 individuals identified HIV-positive at home and referred to TasP clinics, 2,254 (72% female) were not in care at referral and did not link to care within three months of first referral. Among them, 451 (20%) individuals were contacted through phone calls or home visits before migration or death. Probability of linkage to care was significantly higher mong individuals re-referred to care compared to those not re-referred (Hazard Ratio 2.25; 95% Confidence Interval 1.83-2.78); significant positive effects were also observed for both genders and all age categories (< 30; 30-39; 40-49; ≥50 years old) after stratification. Conclusions: Phone calls and home visits aiming at re-referring people to HIV care appear effective in improving linkage to care. Patient-centered strategies should be part of UTT programs in order to achieve the 90-90-90 UNAIDS targets.

Pourette Dolorès, Mattern Chiarella, Ratovoson Rila et Raharimanga Patricia (2017) « Women’s pathways leading to abortion complications and associated health care seeking in Madagascar: a qualitative approach » (poster n° 2393), présenté à 28ème Conférence mondiale sur la population de l'UIESP, Cape Town.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

Prado Helena (2017) « L’épidémie du virus Zika au Brésil : un cas d’étude pour penser la santé globale », Communication orale présenté à École thématique interdisciplinaire « La mondialisation de la santé : savoirs, pratiques, politiques », octobre 25, EHESS, PSL - Marseille.

Mots-clés : Zika.

Prado Helena (2017) « Zika virus and congenital syndrome in Brazil: towards an end to the epidemic or a global health disaster? » (communication orale), présenté à European Association of Social Anthropologists – Medical Anthropology Network Conference, Lisbonne. http://medanthlisbon2017.apantropologia.org/.

Mots-clés : Zika.

Prigent Steven (2017) « Concerning the education of children in contemporary rural Cambodia Filial debt, deference and “vagabondage” for boys and girls », Cahiers d'Outre-Mer, 70 (276) (juillet 1), p. 97-125. DOI : 10.4000/com.8411. http://journals.openedition.org/com/8411.

Résumé : This article gives an account of the “moral economy” shared by Cambodian farmers regarding the subject of education, by highlighting on one hand the importance that the parents place on filial debt and on respect for the hierarchy of the ages, and on the other hand the educational prudence which they show with regard to children’s sociability. Secondly, the article historicises this moral economy by studying the institutional and the informal forms of education of the village children during the 20‪ ‪th‪ ‪ century, with particular attention paid at gender differences. As a third point, the text deals more particularly with the issue of state schooling, which is being imposed with more and more application in the educational lives of the children in rural Cambodia. Finally, this study bears witness to a contemporary weakening of the relation of deference between the generations where the context is one of the international promotion of the consumer society, of a salaried working class of young single people, of democratic educational and children’s empowerment global values. This article aims firstly at giving a “general view” of the Khmer peasant educational system, but it also examines the meaning which the notion of filial debt is acquiring in a differentiated manner according to gender in contemporary, rural Cambodia.‪

Quet Mathieu (2017) « Values in Motion. Anti-counterfeiting Measures and the Securitization of Pharmaceutical Flows », Journal of Cultural Economy, 10 (2) (mars 4), p. 150-162. DOI : 10.1080/17530350.2016.1258001. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17530350.2016.1258001.

Quet Mathieu et AL Dahdah Marine (2017) « Activité militante et dynamiques de globalisation d’une cause. L’accès aux médicaments face à la lutte anti-contrefaçon », Sociologie du travail, 59 (4) (décembre 6). DOI : 10.4000/sdt.1369. http://journals.openedition.org/sdt/1369.

Résumé : Cet article analyse les dynamiques de globalisation qui affectent le déroulement d’une controverse transnationale. Il étudie trois conflits croisés : les protestations provoquées par la loi anti-contrefaçon au Kenya, les manifestations en Inde contre l’accord de libre-échange entre l’Inde et l’Union européenne, et les mouvements de critique de l’Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) au sein de l’Union européenne. À partir d’une analyse de corpus de presse et d’entretiens avec les acteurs de la controverse, il montre dans quelle mesure des conflits initialement distincts convergent. Il présente les dynamiques à travers lesquelles la globalisation de la controverse a lieu : les croisements spatiaux, d’acteurs, de thématiques, de temporalités sont permis par la constitution d’événements en affaires à l’échelle internationale, mais aussi par des opérations de cadrage et de constitution de publics et par des logiques d’organisation du travail militant.

Rahm Laura (2017) « Protect. Track. Emancipate: The Role of Political Masculinities in India’s Fight Against Sex Selection », Working Paper, p. 35.

Résumé : One of the side effects of India’s rapid socio-economic transition has been a growing demographic masculinization with millions of ‘missing’ women. Modern technologies have enabled couples to determine and select the fetal sex in their aspirations for small families with at least one son. Since the 1990s political efforts to control sex selection have met with little success. This paper assesses policy effectiveness and the role of political masculinities in India’s fight against sex selection. This qualitative analysis draws from policy files and 47 in-depth semi-structured expert interviews conducted in Delhi, Punjab and Haryana in 2014-2015. Interview participants included national policy makers, state and district implementers as well as representatives from non-governmental and international organizations. Interviews were thematically analyzed based on Braun and Clarke (2006). The paper finds that state action against sex selection frequently follows the logic of ‘protecting’, ‘tracking’ and ‘emancipating’ females – analogue to roles of a family patriarch towards his kin. While these gendered roles are dynamic and evolve due to international and local pressures, they are expressions of a patriarchal system, which reproduces gender biases, and thus undermines policy efforts against sex selection.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

Rahm Laura (2017) « Fighting gender-biased sex selection: The role of transnational communication and international harmonization. Insights from South Korea, India and Vietnam » (communication orale), présenté à 6th French Network for Asian Studies International Conference (FNASIC), Sciences Po, Paris.

Résumé : Over the past 30 years several Asian countries - from Armenia to Vietnam - are facing sex imbal-ances at birth, favoring male offspring. Despite the social, economic and political diversity of these countries, their governments have implemented similar public policies to address the growing mas-culinization of their populations. These include legal bans, awareness raising campaigns and enti-tlements for girls. This paper explores the reasons for the convergence of public policy addressing sex selection, drawing from policy files and interviews conducted with policy makers, scholars, and representatives of international agencies in South Korea, India and Vietnam between 2014 and 2015. It finds that transnational communication and international harmonization - promoted by in-ternational organizations and epistemic communities - are the most important factors in explaining similar policies among diverse countries. International organizations led by UNFPA play a key role in collecting data and supporting interventions against sex selection, emphasizing evidence-based policy-making. Nevertheless, there is a tendency to internationally promote and transfer policies without being certain of their impact.

Rahm Laura (2017) « La convergence des politiques de lutte contre la sélection sexuelle prénatale : Corée du Sud, Inde et Vietnam », Critique Internationale, 4 (77), p. 11-31. DOI : 10.3917/crii.077.0011. http://www.cairn.info/revue-critique-internationale-2017-4-page-11.htm.

Résumé : Over the past 30 years several Asian countries - from Armenia to Vietnam - are facing sex imbalances at birth, favoring male offspring. Despite the social, economic and political diversity of these countries, their governments have implemented similar public policies to address the growing masculinization of their populations. These include legal bans, awareness raising campaigns and entitlements for girls. This paper explores the reasons for the convergence of public policy addressing sex selection, drawing from policy files and interviews conducted with policy makers, scholars, and representatives of international agencies in South Korea, India and Vietnam between 2014 and 2015. It finds that transnational communication and international harmonization - promoted by international organizations and epistemic communities - are the most important factors in explaining similar policies among diverse countries. International organizations led by UNFPA play a key role in collecting data and supporting interventions against sex selection, emphasizing evidence-based policy-making. Nevertheless, there is a tendency to internationally promote and transfer policies without being certain of their impact.

Rahm Laura (2017) « Girls Wanted: The influence of public policy on prenatal sex selection. Insights from South Korea, India and Vietnam » (communication orale), présenté à CEPED Journées doctorales des Suds, Paris. http://www.ceped.org/evenement/journees-doctorales-des-suds-1274.

Résumé : The thesis provides a comparative analysis of policies and programs fighting gender-biased sex selection in selected Asian countries. South Korea, India and Vietnam were chosen in a "Most Different Systems Design". Focus was placed on regional case studies (Daegu, SK; Punjab, IN; Hai Duong, VT), where similar policies have been implemented to address severely skewed sex ratios at birth. The research stresses similarities and structural differences between these three diverse settings. Combining qualitative expert interviews with policy implementors and quantitative data on sex ratio trends, I assess the effectiveness of these regional policy interventions, showing that sex selection has declined to different degrees in all three countries, partly due to policy intervention, but gaps remain.

Rahm Laura (2017) « Son Preference, Politics and Policy in Asia » (communication orale), présenté à 6th French Network for Asian Studies International Conference (FNASIC), Sciences Po, Paris.

Résumé : Several Asian governments have issued laws and policies to counter one of the more pervasive forms of gender discrimination today: the deliberate elimination of females before or shortly after birth due to a preference for sons. On the one hand, much headway has been done to challenge traditional hierarchies in the society through social, political and legal reforms. On the other hand, public policies and political discourse have played a significant role in inadvertently creating or reinforcing son preference, and thus have contributed to the persistence of condescending attitudes and practices towards girls. This presentation highlights the linkages between son preference, politics and policies in Asia. It draws from existing literature, policy file analysis, and semi-structured interviews conducted with policy makers during field research in South Korea, India and Vietnam between 2014 and 2015. While South Korea witnessed a near inversion of gender preferences within the last decade linked to social change and accompanied by legal reforms, son preference remains pervasive throughout different parts of India and Vietnam today. Gender equity laws and equal access to inheritance, property and linage create an enabling environment for women, but are often undermined through discriminatory attitudes and practices. Especially in India, political masculinities undermine government’s own efforts in challenging son preference.

Larzillière Pénélope (2017) « Réforme du Secteur de la Sécurité », éd. par Frédéric Ramel, Jean-Baptiste Jeangène Vilmer, et Benoît Durieux, Dictionnaire de la guerre et de la paix, Presses Universitaires de France. ISBN : 2-13-079803-9.

Ravit Marion, Schantz Clémence, de Loenzien Myriam, Dumont Alexandre, Audibert Martine et Ridde Valéry (2017) « No-cost policies and unequal access to reproductive health services: The example of Caesarean sections in West Africa / Politiques de gratuité et inégalités d’accès aux services de santé reproductive : l’exemple de la césarienne en Afrique de l’Ouest » (communication orale), présenté à XXVIII International Population Conference/ XXVIIIe Congrès international de la population, Cape Town. https://iussp.confex.com/iussp/ipc2017/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/5886.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

Razafia Hobisandratra, Mattern Chiarella, Pourette Dolorès et Giles-Vernick Tamara (2017) « Potential Barriers to implementing timely birth dose vaccination of Hepatitis B in sub-Saharan Africa. An anthropological study in Madagascar » (poster n° 128), présenté à World Hepatitis Summit 2017, Sao Paulo.

Ridde Valéry (2017) « Des enjeux éthiques liés à l’utilisation des données de recherches en collaboration internationale. Étude de cas / Case study », BioéthiqueOnline, 6 (4) (décembre 19), p. 3. http://www.bioethiqueonline.ca/6/14.

Résumé : Cette étude de cas en santé mondiale met au jour les enjeux éthiques associés à l’utilisation des données de recherche collectées dans le cadre d’une collaboration internationale ayant recours à des assistants de recherche.

Mots-clés : Collaboration internationale, Santé mondiale, Thèse, Utilisation des données, ⛔ No DOI found.

Ridde Valéry (2017) « Des enjeux éthiques liés à l'utilisation des données de recherches en collaboration internationale », Bioéthique Online, 6, p. art. 14 [3 p.]. https://hal.science/hal-04145729.

Résumé : Cette étude de cas en santé mondiale met au jour les enjeux éthiques associés à l'utilisation des données de recherche collectées dans le cadre d'une collaboration internationale ayant recours à des assistants de recherche.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

Snapshot (source)

Ridde Valéry et Dagenais Christian (2017) « What we have learnt (so far) about deliberative dialogue for evidence-based policymaking in West Africa », BMJ Global Health, 2 (4) (décembre), p. e000432. DOI : 10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000432. http://gh.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000432.

Résumé : Policy decisions do not always take into account research results, and there is still little research being conducted on interventions that promote their use, particularly in Africa. To promote the use of research evidence in Africa, deliberative dialogue workshops are increasingly recommended as a means to establish evidenceinformed dialogue among multiple takeholders engaged in policy decision-making. In this paper, we reflect on our experiences of conducting national workshops in six African countries, and we propose operational recommendations for those wishing to organise deliberative dialogue. Our reflective and cross-sectional analysis of six national deliberative dialogue workshops in which we participated shows there are many specific challenges that should be taken into account when organising such encounters. In conclusion, we offer operational recommendations, drawn from our experience, to guide the preparation and conduct of deliberative workshops.

Ridde Valéry et Ramel Pierre (2017) « The migrant crisis and health systems: Hygeia instead of Panacea », The Lancet Public Health, 2 (10) (octobre 1), p. e447. DOI : 10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30180-9. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266717301809.

ScienceDirect Full Text PDF 35.6 kio (source)

ScienceDirect Snapshot (source)

Ridde Valery et Stéphanie Degroote (2017) « LA LUTTE CONTRE ZIKA : UNE OPPORTUNITE POUR LA JUSTICE SOCIALE? ». https://hal.science/hal-04147102.

Résumé : Début septembre 2016 au Québec, on annonce au moins trois femmes enceintes infectées par le virus Zika, sans mieux comprendre qui elles sont, et comment elles ont été touchées. Cependant, il est possible qu'elles aient voyagé en Amérique latine et qu'elles fassent donc partie des personnes les moins déshéritées, en mesure de voyager et de découvrir le monde. La situation en Amérique latine est tout autre car l'arrivée récente du virus Zika, dont l'existence est pourtant connue depuis 1947 (Ouganda), pourrait devenir une nouvelle occasion de se (re)poser des questions de justice sociale. En effet, s'il existe bien un continent, même s'ils sont évidemment tous concernés, pour lequel cette problématique se pose avec acuité, c'est bien cette région du monde où les inégalités sociales, et notamment les inégalités sociales de santé, sont les plus importantes.

Full Text PDF 428.4 kio (source)

Robert Emilie, Lemoine Aurélia et Ridde Valéry (2017) « Que cache le consensus des acteurs de la santé mondiale au sujet de la couverture sanitaire universelle? Une analyse fondée sur l’approche par les droits », Canadian Journal of Development Studies / Revue canadienne d'études du développement, 38 (2) (avril 3), p. 199-215. DOI : 10.1080/02255189.2017.1301250. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02255189.2017.1301250.

Robert Emilie, Samb Oumar Mallé, Marchal Bruno et Ridde Valéry (2017) « Building a middle-range theory of free public healthcare seeking in sub-Saharan Africa: a realist review », Health Policy and Planning, 32 (7) (mai 16), p. 1002-1014. DOI : 10.1093/heapol/czx035.

Résumé : Realist reviews are a new form of knowledge synthesis aimed at providing middle-range theories (MRTs) that specify how interventions work, for which populations, and under what circumstances. This approach opens the 'black box' of an intervention by showing how it triggers mechanisms in specific contexts to produce outcomes. We conducted a realist review of health user fee exemption policies (UFEPs) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This article presents how we developed both the intervention theory (IT) of UFEPs and a MRT of free public healthcare seeking in SSA, building on Sen's capability approach. Over the course of this iterative process, we explored theoretical writings on healthcare access, services use, and healthcare seeking behaviour. We also analysed empirical studies on UFEPs and healthcare access in free care contexts. According to the IT, free care at the point of delivery is a resource allowing users to make choices about their use of public healthcare services, choices previously not generally available to them. Users' ability to choose to seek free care is influenced by structural, local, and individual conversion factors. We tested this IT on 69 empirical studies selected on the basis of their scientific rigor and relevance to the theory. From that analysis, we formulated a MRT on seeking free public healthcare in SSA. It highlights three key mechanisms in users' choice to seek free public healthcare: trust, risk awareness and acceptability. Contextual elements that influence both users' ability and choice to seek free care include: availability of and control over resources at the individual level; characteristics of users' and providers' communities at the local level; and health system organization, governance and policies at the structural level.

Mots-clés : Access to healthcare, health policy and systems research, health user fees, middle-range theory, realist review, sub-Saharan Africa.

Robin Nelly (2017) « L'observatoire des migrations internationales au Sénégal » novembre, Paris, France. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01757625.

Mots-clés : Migrations internationales, Sénégal.

Robin Nelly (2017) « Routes et territoires de l'expérience migratoire. Mise en dialogue de l'analyse spatiale et du paradigmemobilitaire » décembre, Paris, France. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01757549.

Robin Nelly (2017) « Territoires "minés" et tensions ethnographiques, des zones de conflit au monde judiciaire », E-Migrinter, 15 (mars). DOI : 10.4000/e-migrinter.848. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01757538.

Résumé : Un itinéraire de recherches dans le domaine des migrations internationales, du Maghreb à l'Afrique subsaharienne, marqué par dix-sept années d'expatriation au Sénégal, constitue indéniablement une expérience humaine particulière, au plus près des sociétés, et parfois des institutions, du Sud.

Mots-clés : CONFLIT POLITIQUE, EPISTEMOLOGIE, HISTOIRE DE VIE, ITINERAIRE DE RECHERCHE, MIGRATION INTERNATIONALE, RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE, STRATEGIE DE RECHERCHE, TERRAIN DE RECHERCHE.

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2017

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