Références bibliographiques

Arita Sayaka, Ba Mouhamadou Faly, Traoré Zoumana, Bonnet Emmanuel, Faye Adama et Ridde Valery (2023) « Use of interviewer-administered telephone surveys during infectious disease outbreaks, epidemics and pandemics: a scoping review », BMJ Global Health, 8 (5). DOI : 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-011109. https://hal.science/hal-04149577.

Résumé : INTRODUCTION: During the COVID-19 crisis, researchers had to collect data remotely. Telephone surveys and interviews can quickly gather data from a distance without heavy expense. Although interviewer-administered telephone surveys (IATS) can accommodate the needs of international public health research, the literature on their use during infectious disease outbreaks is scarce. This scoping review aimed to map the characteristics of IATS during infectious disease outbreaks. METHODS: IATS conducted principally during infectious disease outbreaks and answered by informants at least 18 years old were searched from PubMed and EBSCO. There was a manual addition of relevant documents identified during an initial search. Overall trends were reported using different groupings, including WHO regions, and study details were compared before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS: 70 IATS published between 2003 and 2022 were identified. 57.1% were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among 30 IATS conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic in the world, only 3.3% were carried out in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). This percentage of studies in LMICs out of all the IATS rose to 32.5% during the pandemic. The share of qualitative studies grew from 6.7% before the COVID-19 outbreak to 32.5% during the outbreak. IATS performed during the COVID-19 pandemic focused on more diverse, specific population groups, such as patients and healthcare professionals. Mobile phones are increasingly used for IATS over time. CONCLUSION: IATS are used globally with high frequency in the Western Pacific Region and high-income countries. Technical and financial challenges continue to exist, and assessments of inclusiveness and representativeness should be carefully conducted. A lack of details related to methods was observed, and this scoping review urges researchers using this data collection method in the future to specify how they executed IATS for better use and more efficient deployment.

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Beaujoin Camille, Gautier Lara, Gagnon-Dufresne Marie-Catherine, Mikanagu Rachel, Savard-Lamothe Ashley, Cloos Patrick, Ridde Valéry et Zinszer Kate (2023) « It felt like building a plane while in flight: the consideration of social inequalities in the design and planning of a contact-tracing intervention for COVID-19 in Montreal, Quebec », Canadian Journal of Public Health, 114 (3), p. 346. DOI : 10.17269/s41997-023-00759-4. https://hal.science/hal-04149582.

Résumé : OBJECTIVE: In Canada and globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased social inequalities in health (SIH), furthering the vulnerability of certain groups and communities. Contact-tracing is a cornerstone intervention with COVID-19 prevention and control programs. The aim of this study was to describe whether and how SIH were considered during the design of the COVID-19 contact-tracing intervention in Montreal. METHODS: This study is part of the multi-country research program HoSPiCOVID, looking at the resilience of public health systems during the COVID-19 pandemic. A descriptive qualitative study was carried out in Montreal, based on a "bricolage" conceptual framework describing the consideration for SIH in intervention and policy design. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 16 public health practitioners, recruited using both purposive and snowball sampling. Data were analyzed thematically, both inductively and deductively. RESULTS: According to participants, SIH were not initially considered during the design of the contract-tracing intervention in Montreal. The participants were frustrated by the Minister of Health’s initial resistance to integrating SIH into their public health response. However, adaptations were gradually made to better meet the needs of underserved populations. CONCLUSION: There is a need for a clear and common vision of SIH within the public health system. Decision-makers need to consider SIH prior to designing public health interventions in order for these not to further increase SIH in the future, especially in the face of a health crisis.

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Bell David, Brown Garrett W., Oyibo Wellington A., Ouédraogo Samiratou, Tacheva Blagovesta, Barbaud Elena, Kalk Andreas, Ridde Valery et Paul Elisabeth (2023) « COVAX - Time to reconsider the strategy and its target », Health Policy OPEN, 4, p. 100096. DOI : 10.1016/j.hpopen.2023.100096. https://hal.science/hal-04149586.

Résumé : COVAX, the international initiative supporting COVID-19 vaccination campaigns globally, is budgeted to be the costliest public health initiative in low- and middle-income countries, with over 16 billion US dollars already committed. While some claim that the target of vaccinating 70% of people worldwide is justified on equity grounds, we argue that this rationale is wrong for two reasons. First, mass COVID-19 vaccination campaigns do not meet standard public health requirements for clear expected benefit, based on costs, disease burden and intervention effectiveness. Second, it constitutes a diversion of resources from more cost-effective and impactful public health programmes, thus reducing health equity. We conclude that the COVAX initiative warrants urgent review.

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Boivin P., Gautier L., Coulibaly A., Zinszer K. et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Exploring how social inequalities in health have influenced the design of Mali's SARS-CoV-2 testing policy : a qualitative study », Health Policy and Planning, 38, p. 301. DOI : 10.1093/heapol/czac097. https://hal.science/hal-04145262.

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Bonnet Emmanuel, Lechat L. et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Quelles sont les interventions nécessaires pour réduire les accidents de la route en Afrique ? : une revue de la littérature », Ed. Science et Bien Commun. https://hal.science/hal-04130164.

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Bonnet Emmanuel, Lerosier T., Toure L., Diarra Y., Diabate S., Diarra D. et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Evolution of assisted deliveries at primary healthcare centres in an unstable security context in Mali », BMJ Global Health, 7 (Suppl. 9), p. e010811 [10 p.]. DOI : 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010811. https://hal.science/hal-04145239.

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Bonnet Emmanuel, Nikiema A., Traoré Z., Sidebega S. et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Solutions technologiques pour un système de surveillance sanitaire efficace des accidents de la route au Burkina Faso », Ed. Science et Bien Commun. https://hal.science/hal-04129984.

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Chabrol Fanny, Traverson Lola, Hou Renyou, Chotard Lisa, Lucet Jean-Christophe, Peiffer-Smadja Nathan, Bendjelloul Gisèle, Lescure François-Xavier, Yazdanpanah Yazdan, Zinszer Kate et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Adaptation and Response of a Major Parisian Referral Hospital to the COVID-19 Surge: A Qualitative Study », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (1) (décembre 31), p. 2165429. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2165429. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2023.2165429.

Résumé : Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, few studies have focused on crisis management of multiple services within one hospital over several waves of the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of the COVID-19 crisis response of a Parisian referral hospital which managed the first three COVID cases in France and to analyze its resilience capacities. Between March 2020 and June 2021, we conducted observations, semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and lessons learned workshops. Data analysis was supported by an original framework on health system resilience. Three configurations emerged from the empirical data: 1) reorganization of services and spaces; 2) management of professionals’ and patients’ contamination risk; and 3) mobilization of human resources and work adaptation. The hospital and its staff mitigated the effects of the pandemic by implementing multiple and varied strategies, which the staff perceived as having positive and/or negative consequences. We observed an unprecedented mobilization of the hospital and its staff to absorb the crisis. Often the mobilization fell on the shoulders of the professionals, adding to their exhaustion. Our study demonstrates the capacity of the hospital and its staff to absorb the COVID-19 shock by putting in place mechanisms for continuous adaptation. More time and insight will be needed to observe whether these strategies and adaptations will be sustainable over the coming months and years and to assess the overall transformative capacities of the hospital.

Mots-clés : COVID-19, emergency response capacity, hospital, resilience.

Chabrol Fanny, Traverson Lola, Hou Renyou, Chotard Lisa, Peiffer-Smadja Nathan, Lucet Jean-Christophe, Bendjelloul Gisèle, Dagenais Christian et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Échanges interprofessionnels en temps de COVID-19 à l’hôpital Bichat Claude-Bernard : éclairages pour la recherche », Santé Publique, 35 (1), p. 59-64. DOI : 10.3917/spub.231.0059. https://www.cairn.info/revue-sante-publique-2023-1-page-59.htm.

Résumé : La gestion de l’épidémie de COVID-19 a bouleversé l’organisation des soins dans les hôpitaux. Dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche portant sur la résilience des hôpitaux et des professionnel·le·s de santé face à la pandémie de COVID-19 (HoSPiCOVID), nous avons documenté leurs stratégies d’adaptation dans cinq pays (France, Mali, Brésil, Canada, Japon). En France, dès la fin de la première vague (juin 2020), une équipe de chercheur·se·s et des professionnel·le·s de santé de l’hôpital Bichat Claude-Bernard ont organisé des groupes de discussion pour prendre acte de ces accomplissements et pour partager leurs expériences vécues. Un an plus tard, d’autres échanges ont permis de discuter et de valider les résultats de la recherche. L’objectif de cette contribution courte est de décrire les apports de ces temps d’échanges interprofessionnels conduits à l’hôpital Bichat Claude-Bernard. Nous montrons que ceux-ci ont permis : 1) de créer des espaces de parole pour les professionnel·le·s, 2) d’enrichir et de valider les données collectées au travers d’une (re)connaissance collective d’aspects saillants relatifs aux vécus de la crise, et 3) de rendre compte des attitudes, interactions et rapports de pouvoir de ces professionnel·le·s dans un contexte de gestion de crise.

Mots-clés : COVID-19, Groupe de discussion, Hôpital, Interprofessionnel, Recherche qualitative.

Coulibaly Abdourahmane, Chabrol Fanny, Touré Laurence, Hou Renyou, Dramé Boubacar Sidiki Ibrahim, Zinszer Kate et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Responses to Hospital Restrictions on Family Visits during the COVID-19 Epidemic in Mali and France », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2) (juin 15), p. 2241188. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2241188. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2023.2241188.

Résumé : Few studies have focused on the presence of families in the hospital in the context of an epidemic. The present study aims to contribute to filling this gap by answering the following question: How did professionals, patients and their families cope with more or less drastic restrictions to family visits and presence during the COVID-19 pandemic in a French and a Malian hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic? Data were collected during the first two waves of the pandemic through 111 semi-structured interviews (France = 55, Mali = 56). Most of the interviews were conducted with staff (n = 103), but also with families in the case of Mali (n = 8). The investigators also conducted 150 days of field observations, 44 in France and 106 in Mali. Thematic analysis was applied using an inductive approach. Interviews were content analyzed to identify passages in the interviews that were relevant to these different themes. The study highlighted the difficulty for the medical-clinical system to provide appropriate responses to the many emotional needs of patients in a pandemic context. Families in France benefited from a support service to reduce stress, while in Mali, no initiative was taken in this sense. In both countries, families often used the telephone as an alternative means of communicating with relatives. The results showed that in the two contexts, the presence and involvement of the families contributed to a better response to the patients’ psycho-affective demands and thus promoted resilience in this field.

Mots-clés : COVID-19, family visits, France, hospitals, Mali, resilience.

Coulibaly Abdourahmane, Touré Laurence, Chabrol Fanny, Zinszer Kate et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Quand les pratiques des soignants « calment » ou « stressent » les malades : l’accompagnement psychosocial des malades infectés par le SARS-CoV-2 à Bamako », Sciences sociales et santé, 41 (3) (septembre 1), p. 69-94. DOI : 10.1684/sss.2023.0255. https://www.jle.com/fr/revues/sss/e-docs/quand_les_pratiques_des_soignants_calment_ou_stressent_les_malades_laccompagnement_psychosocial_des_malades_infectes_par_le_sars_cov_2_a_bamako_333015/article.phtml?tab=texte.

Dagenais C., Hot A. et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Communiquer efficacement les connaissances scientifiques permet de sauver des vies », The Conversation, 2023-02-21, p. en ligne [4 p.]. https://hal.science/hal-04010332.

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Dagenais C., Proulx M., Sween-Cadieux M. C., Nikiema A., Bonnet Emmanuel, Ridde Valéry et Somé P. A. (2023) « Recherche collaborative et transfert des connaissances sur les accidents de la route au Burkina Faso : le point de vue de la police 18 mois plus tard », Ed. Science et Bien Commun. https://hal.science/hal-04130581.

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David Pierre-Marie, Gabet Morgane, Duhoux Arnaud, Traverson Lola, Ridde Valéry, Zinszer Kate et Gautier Lara (2023) « Adapting Hospital Work During COVID-19 in Quebec (Canada) », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2) (juin 15), p. 2200566. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2200566. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23288604.2023.2200566.

Gabet M., Duhoux A., Ridde Valéry, Zinszer K., Gautier L. et David P. M. (2023) « How did an integrated health and social services center in the Quebec Province respond to the COVID-19 pandemic ? A qualitative case study », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2), p. 2186824 [8 p.]. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2186824. https://hal.science/hal-04145236.

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Gagnon-Dufresne Marie-Catherine, Gautier Lara, Beaujoin Camille, Boivin Pauline, Coulibaly Abdourahmane, Richard Zoé, Gomes DE Medeiros Stéphanie, Dutra Da Nóbrega Raylson Emanuel, DE Araujo Oliveira Sydia Rosana, Cloos Patrick, Chabrol Fanny, Ridde Valéry et Zinszer Kate (2023) « Did the design and planning of testing and contact tracing interventions for COVID-19 consider social inequalities in health? A multiple case study from Brazil, Canada, France & Mali », Social Science & Medicine (septembre 9), p. 116230. DOI : 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116230. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953623005877.

Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented global crisis. It has exposed and exacerbated weaknesses in public health systems worldwide, particularly with regards to reaching the most vulnerable populations, disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. The objective of our study was to examine whether and how social inequalities in health (SIH) were considered in the design and planning of public health responses to COVID-19 in jurisdictions of Brazil, Canada, France, and Mali. This article reports on a qualitative multiple case study of testing and contact tracing interventions in regions with high COVID-19 incidence in each country, namely: Manaus (Brazil), Montréal (Canada), Île-de-France (France), and Bamako (Mali). We conducted interviews with 108 key informants involved in these interventions in the four jurisdictions, focusing on the first and second waves of the pandemic. We analyzed our data thematically using a theoretical bricolage framework. Our analysis suggests that the lack of a common understanding of SIH among all actors involved and the sense of urgency brought by the pandemic eclipsed the prioritization of SIH in the initial responses. The pandemic increased intersectoral collaboration, but decision-making power was often unequal between Ministries of Health and other actors in each jurisdiction. Various adaptations to COVID-19 interventions were implemented to reach certain population groups, therefore improving the accessibility, availability, and acceptability of testing and contact tracing. Our study contributes to identifying lessons learned from the current pandemic, namely that the ways in which SIH are understood shape how interventions are planned; that having clear guidelines on how to integrate SIH into public health interventions could lead to more inclusive pandemic responses; that for intersectoral collaboration to be fruitful, there needs to be sufficient resources and equitable decision-making power between partners; and that interventions must be flexible to respond to emerging needs while considering long-standing structural inequalities.

Gallardo Lucille, Gautier Lara, Chabrol Fanny, Traverson Lola, Oliveira Sydia et Ridde Valery (2023) Les cabinets de conseil privés dans l'action publique contre les épidémies : une revue exploratoire (139), Sciences Po - LIEPP. https://hal-sciencespo.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03943255.

Résumé : Si la recherche en sciences sociales sur le rôle des cabinets de conseil privés dans l’action publique est foisonnante, leur intervention dans la gestion publique de crises sanitaires ou d’épidémies est peu étudiée. La pandémie de COVID-19 a pourtant révélé un recours important à ces firmes de la part d’administrations publiques de nombreux pays. Cette revue exploratoire des écrits scientifiques a pour objectif d’identifier les recherches qui portent sur la participation de ces cabinets au gouvernement d’épidémies et de crises sanitaires survenues depuis 2000 : que disent-elles du rôle de ces cabinets et quelles méthodes sont mobilisées ? Les étapes du modèle PRISMA-ScR ont permis d’identifier seulement 24 références depuis 2000. Trois approches sont mobilisées par les auteur·e·s qui déterminent leur analyses sur le rôle des cabinets : l’approche gestionnaire, la consultocratie et l’hybridation des élites. Cette revue permet de rendre compte d’un point aveugle des écrits scientifiques et appelle à la réalisation de recherches empiriques sur le sujet.

Gautier Lara, Noda Shinichiro, Chabrol Fanny, David Pierre-Marie, Duhoux Arnaud, Hou Renyou, Rosana de Araújo Oliveira Sydia, Traverson Lola, Zinszer Kate et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Hospital Governance During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multiple-Country Case Study », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2) (juin 15), p. 2173551. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2173551. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2023.2173551.

Résumé : In response to the disruptions caused by COVID-19, hospitals around the world proactively or reactively developed and/or re-organized their governance structures to manage the COVID-19 response. Hospitals’ governance played a crucial role in their ability to reorganize and respond to the pressing needs of their staff. We discuss and compare six hospital cases from four countries on different continents: Brazil, Canada, France, and Japan. Our study examined how governance strategies (e.g., special task forces, communications management tools, etc.) were perceived by hospital staff. Key findings from a total of 177 qualitative interviews with diverse hospital stakeholders were analyzed using three categories drawn from the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies framework on health systems resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: 1) delivering a clear and timely COVID-19 response strategy; 2) coordinating effectively within (horizontally) and across (vertically) levels of decision-making; and 3) communicating clearly and transparently with the hospital’s diverse stakeholders. Our study gleaned rich accounts for these three categories, highlighting significant variations across settings. These variations were primarily determined by the hospitals’ environment prior to the COVID-19 crisis, namely whether there already existed a culture of managerial openness (including spaces for social interactions among hospital staff) and whether preparedness planning and training had been routinely integrated into their activities.

Mots-clés : Comparative health systems, hospital governance, multiple case study, resilience.

Honda Ayako, De Araujo Oliveira Sydia Rosana, Ridde Valéry, Zinszer Kate et Gautier Lara (2023) « Attributes and Organizational Factors that Enabled Innovation in Health Care Service Delivery during the COVID-19 Pandemic – Case Studies from Brazil, Canada and Japan », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2) (juin 15), p. 2176022. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2176022. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23288604.2023.2176022.

Hou Renyou, Traverson Lola, Chabrol Fanny, Gautier Lara, de Araújo Oliveira Sydia Rosana, David Pierre-Marie, Lucet Jean-Christophe, Zinszer Kate et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Communication and Information Strategies Implemented by Four Hospitals in Brazil, Canada, and France to Deal with COVID-19 Healthcare-Associated Infections », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2) (juin 15), p. 2223812. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2223812. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2023.2223812.

Résumé : During the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, COVID-19 healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and risk management became major challenges facing hospitals. Using evidence from a research project, this commentary presents: 1) various communication and information strategies implemented by four hospitals and their staff in Brazil, Canada and France to reduce the risks of COVID-19 HAIs, and how they were perceived by hospital staff; 2) the flaws in communication in the hospitals; and 3) a proposed agenda for research on and action to improve institutional communications for future pandemics. By analyzing “top-down” strategies at the organizational level and spontaneous strategies initiated by and between professionals, this study shows that during the first waves of the pandemic, reliable information and clear communication about guidelines and health protocols’ changes can help alleviate fears among staff and avoid misapplication of protocols, thereby reducing infection risks. There was a lack of a “bottom-up” communication channel, while, when making decisions, it is crucial to listen to and fully take into account staff’s voices, experiences, and feelings. More balanced communication between hospital administrators and staff could strengthen team cohesion and lead to better enforcement of protocols, which in turn will reduce the risk of contamination, alleviate the potential impacts on staff health, and improve the quality of care provided to patients.

Mots-clés : Communication, COVID-19, healthcare-associated infection, hospital, information, resilience.

Kadio Kadidiatou, Dagenais Christian et Ridde Valery (2023) « How does explicit knowledge inform policy shaping? The case of Burkina Faso’s national social protection policy », PLoS ONE, 18 (4), p. e0284950. DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0284950. https://hal.science/hal-04149567.

Résumé : In 2009, Burkina Faso embarked on a process leading to the development of a national social protection policy (politique nationale de protection sociale-PNPS) in 2012. The objective of this study was to analyze the circumstances under which explicit knowledge was used to inform the process of emergence and formulation PNPS. The term explicit knowledge excludes tacit and experiential knowledge, taking into account research data, grey literature, and monitoring data. Court and Young’s conceptual framework was adapted by integrating concepts from political science, such as Kingdon’s Multiple Streams framework. Discursive and documentary data were collected from 30 respondents from national and international institutions. Thematic analysis guided the data processing. Results showed that use of peer-reviewed academic research was not explicitly mentioned by respondents, in contrast to other types of knowledge, such as national statistical data, reports on government program evaluations, and reports on studies by international institutions and NGOs, also called technical and financial partners (TFPs). The emergence phase was more informed by grey literature and monitoring data. In this phase, national actors deepened and increased their knowledge (conceptual use) on the importance and challenges of social protection. The role of explicit knowledge in the formulation phase was nuanced. The actors’ thinking was little guided by the question of whether the solutions had the capacity to solve the problem in the Burkina Faso context. Choices were based very little on analysis of strategies (effectiveness, equity, unintended effects) and their applicability (cost, acceptability, feasibility). This way of working was due in part to actors’ limited knowledge on social protection and the lack of government guidance on strategic choices. Strategic use was clearly identified. It involved citing knowledge (reports on studies conducted by TFPs) to justify the utility and feasibility of a PNPS. Instrumental use consisted of drawing from workshop presentations and study reports when writing sections of the PNPS. The consideration of a recommendation based on explicit knowledge was influenced by perceived political gains, i.e., potential social and political consequences.

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Lerosier Thomas, Touré Laurence, Diabaté Seydou, Diarra Yacouba et Ridde Valery (2023) « Minimal resilience and insurgent conflict: qualitative analysis of the resilience process in six primary health centres in central Mali », BMJ Global Health, 7 (Suppl 9) (avril), p. e010683. DOI : 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010683. https://gh.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010683.

Résumé : Background In the context of universal health coverage in the Sahel, the study focuses on primary health centres and the difficulties of their implementation in the context of insurgency conflicts in central Mali. Methods This is qualitative research through a multiple case study. We selected six health centres according to a reasoned choice to bring together contrasting situations. We conducted 96 semistructured interviews and consulted secondary quantitative data on attendance. By focusing on community health centres, the conceptual approach focuses on the process of resilience that unfolds in a dual context of chronic health system dysfunctions and armed conflict. Results The resilience strategies deployed by health professionals were relatively basic and uncoordinated. In the end, it was the individuals who showed absorption. However, their room for manoeuvre was limited. In the most isolated health centres, resilience was based on subordinate, poorly trained staff, often from the locality. Degraded working conditions and fear caused a form of resignation among health workers. Conclusion The strategies and resources used showed a form of minimal resilience. This form is unfolding in a context marked by two structuring features. On the one hand, the Malian health system was relatively dysfunctional before the crisis, and on the other hand, the type of conflict was relatively low intensity that allowed health centres to remain open.

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Meda Ivlabèhiré Bertrand, Kouanda Seni et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Effect of cost-reduction interventions on facility-based deliveries in Burkina Faso: a controlled interrupted time-series study with multiple non-equivalent dependent variables », Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 77 (3) (mars 1), p. 133. DOI : 10.1136/jech-2022-218794. http://jech.bmj.com/content/77/3/133.abstract.

Résumé : Background Evaluating health intervention effectiveness in low-income countries involves many methodological challenges to be addressed. The objective of this study was to estimate the sustained effects of two interventions to improve financial access to facility-based deliveries.Methods In an innovative controlled interrupted time-series study with primary data, we used four non-equivalent dependent variables (antenatal care) as control outcomes to estimate the effects of a national subsidy for deliveries (January 2007–December 2013) and a local ‘free delivery’ intervention (June 2007–December 2010) on facility-based deliveries. The statistical analysis used spline linear regressions with random intercepts and slopes.Results The analysis involved 20 877 observations for the national subsidy and 8842 for the ‘free delivery’ intervention. The two interventions did not have immediate effects. However, both were associated with positive trend changes varying from 0.21 to 0.52 deliveries per month during the first 12 months and from 0.78 to 2.39 deliveries per month during the first 6 months. The absolute effects, evaluated 84 and 42 months after introduction, ranged from 2.64 (95% CI 0.51 to 4.77) to 10.78 (95% CI 8.52 to 13.03) and from 9.57 (95% CI 5.97 to 13.18) to 14.47 (95% CI 10.47 to 18.47) deliveries per month for the national subsidy and the ‘free delivery’ intervention, respectively, depending on the type of antenatal care used as a control outcome.Conclusion The results suggest that both interventions were associated with sustained non-linear increases in facility-based deliveries. The use of multiple control groups strengthens the credibility of the results, making them useful for policy makers seeking solutions for universal health coverage.Data are available on reasonable request. The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Mladovsky Philipa, Prince Ruth, Hane Fatoumata et Ridde Valéry (2023) « The primacy of politics in neoliberal universal health coverage policy reform. A commentary on ‘financing and provision of healthcare for two billion people in low-income nations: Is the cooperative healthcare model a solution?” by William C Hsiao and Winnie Yip », Social science & medicine, p. 115742. DOI : 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115742. https://hal.science/hal-04147860.

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Oliveira S. R., Cazarin G., Sampaio A. S., Vasconcelos A. L. de, Furtado B., Medeiros S. G. de, Zacarias A. C., Andrade A. C., Sousa K. M. de, Zinszer K. et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Potential strengths and weaknesses in hospital resilience in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil : a case study », Health Systems & Reform, 9 (2), p. 2177242 [10 p.]. DOI : 10.1080/23288604.2023.2177242. https://hal.science/hal-04145231.

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Petitfour L., Bonnet Emmanuel, Mathevet I., Nikiema A. et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Paiements directs et dépenses catastrophiques liés aux accidents de la route à Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso », Ed. Science et Bien Commun. https://hal.science/hal-04130129.

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Ravalihasy Andrainolo, Ante-Testard Pearl Anne, Kardas-Sloma Lidia, Yazdanpanah Yazdan, De Allegri Manuela et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Quantitative Methods Used to Evaluate Impact of Combination HIV Prevention Intervention: A Methodological Systematic Review », AIDS and Behavior (janvier 27). DOI : 10.1007/s10461-023-04000-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-023-04000-8.

Résumé : Combination HIV prevention aims to provide the right mix of biomedical, behavioral and structural interventions, and is considered the best approach to curb the HIV pandemic. The impact evaluation of combined HIV prevention intervention (CHPI) provides critical information for decision making. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to map the designs and methods used in these studies. We searched original articles indexed in Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed. Fifty-eight studies assessing the impact of CHPI on HIV transmission were included. Most of the studies took place in Asia or sub-Saharan Africa and were published from 2000 onward. We identified 36 (62.1%) quasi-experimental studies (posttest, pretest–posttest and nonequivalent group designs) and 22 (37.9%) experimental studies (randomized designs). The findings suggest that diverse methods are already rooted in CHPI impact evaluation practices as recommended but should be better reported. CHPI impact evaluation would benefit from more comprehensive approaches.

Mots-clés : Combination HIV prevention intervention, Decision-making, Evidence-based, Impact evaluation.

Richard Zoé, Chabrol Fanny, Gautier Lara, Zinszer Kate et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Considering social inequalities in health in COVID-19 response: insights from a French case study », Health Promotion International, 38 (1) (février 1), p. daac173. DOI : 10.1093/heapro/daac173. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daac173.

Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the impact of social inequalities in health (SIH). Various studies have shown significant inequalities in mortality and morbidity associated with COVID-19 and the influence of social determinants of health. The objective of this qualitative case study was to analyze the consideration of SIH in the design of two key COVID-19 prevention and control interventions in France: testing and contact tracing. Interviews were conducted with 36 key informants involved in the design of the intervention and/or the government response to the pandemic as well as relevant documents (n = 15) were reviewed. We applied data triangulation and a hybrid deductive and inductive analysis to analyze the data. Findings revealed the divergent understandings and perspectives about SIH, as well as the challenges associated with consideration for these at the beginning stages of the pandemic. Despite a shared concern for SIH between the participants, an epidemiological frame of reference dominated the design of the intervention. It resulted in a model in which consideration for SIH appeared as a complement, with a clinical goal of the intervention: breaking the chain of COVID-19 transmission. Although the COVID-19 health crisis highlighted the importance of SIH, it did not appear to be an opportunity to further their consideration in response efforts. This article provides original insights into consideration for SIH in the design of testing and contact-tracing interventions based upon a qualitative investigation.The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of social inequalities in health (SIH) and the disproportionate burden of the pandemic and its consequences related to socioeconomic status, ethnicity and race, among other determinants of health. Public health interventions are likely to increase SIH when they are not considered in the design phase. Through a qualitative case study, we analyzed the design of one of the first local initiative providing testing and contact tracing offer to the general population in the Île-de-France region (Paris region, France) in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This article discusses the uncertainty and challenges associated with consideration for SIH in the intervention design. It explores the diverse understandings of SIH among the actors and the complexities of cross-sectoral partnerships addressing SIH in times of health crisis. Despite a consensual concern for this issue among the respondents, an epidemiological frame of reference dominated the intervention design. It resulted in a model in which consideration for SIH appeared as a complement, with a clinical goal of the intervention: breaking the chain of COVID-19 transmission.

Ridde Valery, Coulibaly Abdourahmane et Gautier Lara (2023) « Case studies », LIEPP Methods Brief / Fiches méthodologiques du LIEPP (mai 12). https://hal.science/hal-04102953.

Résumé : Case studies consist of an in-depth analysis of one or more cases, using a variety of methods and theoretical approaches. The choice of cases (single or multiple) studied is crucial. Case studies are particularly suitable for studying the emergence and processes involved in policy implementation and for contributing to theory-based evaluations.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

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Ridde Valéry, Coulibaly Abdourahmane et Gautier Lara (2023) « Les études de cas », LIEPP Methods Brief / Fiches méthodologiques du LIEPP (mai 11). https://hal.science/hal-04102951.

Résumé : Les études de cas consistent à analyser de façon approfondie un ou plusieurs cas, à partir d’une diversité de méthodes et au regard d’approches théoriques. Le choix des cas (unique ou multiples) étudiés est crucial. Les études de cas sont particulièrement adaptées pour étudier l’émergence et les processus en jeu dans la mise en œuvre des politiques et pour participer aux évaluations basées sur la théorie.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

Full Text PDF 458.5 kio (source)

Robin Julie, Schantz Clémence, Kanté Kadiatou, Dancoisne Aurélien et Ridde Valery (2023) « Knowledge transfer interventions on cancer in Africa and Asia : a scoping review », Protocols.io (novembre 14). https://protocols.cloud/view/knowledge-transfer-interventions-on-cancer-in-afri-c42eyybe.

Résumé : Introduction: Africa and Asia face many challenges related to knowledge transfer in the field of cancer diagnosis, treatment, survivorship, and end-of-life care. Some of these challenges include adherence to screening, confidence in the capabilities of modern medicine and the local health system, the ability of patients to make informed decisions about their treatment, the response of family members and society, the ability of the health system to improve the quality of survival of patients, and the ability of the authorities to implement appropriate and effective cancer control policies. It is therefore essential to understand how evidence and experiential knowledge can be better integrated into the health system and into the actions or decisions of those involved in cancer control.

Mots-clés : ⛔ No DOI found.

Sween-Cadieux E. Mc, Dagenais C. et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Une évaluation mixte d'un atelier délibératif sur les accidents de la route au Burkina Faso », Ed. Science et Bien Commun. https://hal.science/hal-04130592.

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Touré Laurence, Boivin Pauline, Diarra Yacouba, Diabaté Seydou et Ridde Valéry (2023) « Innovations in mutuality: challenges and learnings for the Universal Health Insurance Plan in Mali », BMJ Global Health, 7 (Suppl 9) (mars), p. e011055. DOI : 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-011055. https://gh.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-011055.

Résumé : Background Many Sahel countries in Africa are looking for solutions for universal health coverage (UHC). Mali is in the process of adopting the Universal Health Insurance Plan, which allows for the mutualisation of existing schemes. Its operationalisation requires numerous adjustments to the current mutualist proposal and innovations in the system. The study focuses on innovations experienced in mutuality and their conditions of scale for UHC in Mali. Methods This is qualitative research by multiple case studies. It is based on the collection of data by interviews (n=136), at a national and local level, on the analysis of documents (n=42) and a long field observation (7 months). The analytical framework concerns the dissemination and maintenance of health innovations (Greenhalgh et al, 2004). Result The analysis of this innovation shows an interest in the technical and institutional viability that determines its performance and scale-up. The procrastination and scepticism displayed at the highest level of the state and the international level, the reluctance, both financial and ideological, to renew the old mutualist proposal, penalise this Malian experiment. Conclusion This innovation is a decisive step in ensuring the health coverage of Mali’s agricultural and informal sectors. The reform will need to be amplified and supported in the future to expect the scale-up of a cheaper, technically and institutionally more efficient system. Without a political intention to mobilise national resources and accept a fundamental paradigm shift in health financing, the search for the financial viability of mutuality may, again, be at the expense of the performance.

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Zitti Tony, Coulibaly Abdouramane, Gali-Gali Idriss Ali Zakaria, Ridde Valery et Turcotte-Tremblay Anne-Marie (2023) « A comparative study of community verification processes in the context of performance-based financing in Mali and Burkina Faso », International Journal of Public Sector Management (septembre 4). DOI : 10.1108/IJPSM-02-2023-0063. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJPSM-02-2023-0063/full/html.

Résumé : Purpose This article compares the processes of community verification (CV) and user satisfaction surveys during the implementation of performance-based financing (PBF) in Mali and Burkina Faso. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopted a qualitative approach based on a multiple-case study design. Data were collected from August 10 to 25, 2017, in Mali, and from January to May 2016 in Burkina Faso. In Mali, 191 semi-structured interviews were conducted with investigators (people who collect information from health centre users in the communities, using survey tools), users, users' relatives, and health workers in three of the 10 health districts in the Koulikoro region. In Burkina Faso, 241 non-participatory observation sessions were recorded in a research diary, and 92 semi-structured interviews and informal discussions were conducted with investigators, community verifiers, users, PBF support staff at the national level, and administrative staff in one of the 15 health districts involved in PBF. The data were analysed inductively. Findings In both Mali and Burkina Faso, the delayed availability of survey forms led to a delay in starting the surveys. In Mali, to get off to a quick start, some investigators went to health centres to conduct the sampling with their supervisors. In both countries, investigators reported difficulties in finding certain users in the community due to incorrect spelling of names, lack of telephone details, incomplete information on the forms, common or similar sounding names within the community, and user mobility. There was little interference from health workers during user selection and surveys in both countries. In both countries, many surveys were conducted in the presence of the user's family (husband, father-in-law, brother, uncle, etc.) and the person accompanying the investigator. Also in both countries, some investigators filled in forms without investigating. They justified this data fabrication by the inadequate time available for the survey and the difficulty or impossibility of finding certain users. In both countries, the results were not communicated to health centre staff or users in either country. Research limitations/implications CV and user satisfaction surveys are important components of PBF implementation. However, their implementation and evaluation remain complex. The instruments for CV and user satisfaction surveys for PBF need to be adapted and simplified to the local context. Emphasis should be placed on data analysis and the use of CV results. Originality/value There are similarities and differences in the CV process and user satisfaction surveys in Mali and Burkina Faso. In Mali, the data from the user satisfaction survey was not analyzed, while in Burkina Faso, the analysis did not allow for feedback. The local non-governmental organisations (NGOs) that carried out the CV were pre-financed for 50% of the amount in Mali. In Burkina Faso, community-based organisations (CBOs) were not pre-financed. The lack of financing negatively impacted the conduction of the surveys. In Mali, fraudulent completion of survey forms by interviewers was more common in urban than in rural areas. In Burkina Faso, the frauds concerned consultations for children under five years of age. In Burkina Faso, the survey form was not adapted to collect data on the level of satisfaction of the indigent. Key messages There were similarities and differences in the community verification (CV) processes in Mali and Burkina Faso. In both Mali and Burkina Faso, tracing users within their community was difficult for several reasons, including incorrect or incomplete information on forms, common or similar names, and user mobility. In both countries, there was no feedback on the results of the CV process to health centre staff or users. Survey forms were falsified by investigators in both countries. In Mali, falsification was more common in urban than in rural areas. In Burkina Faso, falsification was more often observed for consultations for children under five years of age.

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